Polity MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Polity - Download Free PDF

On 5 January 2018, Lok Sabha passed High Court and Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Amendment Bill, 2017. The Bill seeks to revise the pension for Chief Justice of India to a maximum of Rs 16, 80,000 per annum.

• It was introduced in Lok Sabha by the Minister for Law and Justice, Mr. Ravi Shankar Prasad on December 21, 2017.
• The Bill seeks to amend:
  1. The High Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1954.
  2.  The Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1958.
  3.  These Acts regulate the salaries and conditions of service of the judges of the High Courts and the Supreme Court.

• Anti-defection law was introduced by the 52^nd Amendment in 1985 during the tenure of Rajiv Gandhi. It is given in the Tenth Schedule of the Constitution.
• This law enables the disqualification of legislators on the ground of defection which finally provides a stronger grip to the political parties on their members.

The correct answer is Bidhu Bhusan Malik.

Key Points

• Bidhu Bhusan Malik served as the first Chief Justice of Allahabad High Court after independence.
  • He served from 1947 to 1955.
• Vaisishtha Bhargava served as the 4th Chief Justice of Allahabad High Court after independence.
  • He served from 1966 to 1966.
• Nasirullah Beg served as the 5th Chief Justice of Allahabad High Court after independence.
  • He served from 1966 to 1967.
• Vidyadhar Govind Oak served as the 6th Chief Justice of Allahabad High Court after independence.
  • He served from 1967 to 1971.

Important Points

• Historical Background:
  • Initially, the Allahabad High Court was set up in 1834.
  • Later, it was shifted to Agra.
  • By the Indian High Courts Act, 1861, the High Court of Judicature for the North-Western Provinces was set up in Agra on 17th March 1866.
  • The High Court in Allahabad was originally founded on 11th June 1866.
• Sir Walter Morgan served as the first Chief Justice of Allahabad High Court from 1866-1871.
• Sir Edward Grimwood Mears was the last British Chief Justice of Allahabad High Court from 1919-1932.
• The Chief Court of Oudh was merged with Allahabad High Court on 25th February 1948.

Additional Information

• The High Court of Allahabad was built by Khan Saheb Nizamuddin of Agra.
• The first Registrar of Allahabad High Court was Mr Simpson.
• Allahabad High Court is situated in Prayagraj.
• Its bench is located in Lucknow.
• The Total strength of judges is 160.
• Currently, Justice Arun Bhansali is serving as the Chief Justice of Allahabad High Court.

The correct answer is 29.

• Deen Dayal Upadhyay Panchayat Sashaktikaran Puraskar (DDUPSP) is given to best performing Panchayats (District, Intermediate, and Gram Panchayat) across the States/UTs in recognition of the good work that is done by PRIs at each level for improving the delivery of services and public goods.
• 29 villages of Uttar Pradesh have been awarded under this yojana.
• 2 Zila Panchayat of Uttar Pradesh that is, Shamli and Hapur were also awarded Deen Dayal Upadhyay Panchayat Sashaktikaran Puraskar.
• Under this scheme, 50 lakhs were awarded to every Panchayat.

• National Panchayat day is observed on the 24th of April every year.
• Union Minister of Ministry of Panchayati Raj is Shri Giriraj Singh. (As of 2022)

The correct answer is Leila Seth.Key Points

• Leila Seth was an Indian judge who served as the first woman judge on the Delhi High Court and became the first woman to become Chief Justice of a state High Court, Himachal Pradesh High Court, on 5 August 1991.
• She was also the first woman to be designated senior counsel by the Supreme Court of India.
• Justice Fathima M. Beevi was the first woman judge of the Supreme Court of India.
• She was appointed to the apex Court in 1989.

Additional Information 

• Rule 193 (of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha) does not involve a formal motion before the Parliament House, hence no voting can take place after the discussion on matters under this rule.
• Rule 184 allows voting but rule 193 doesn't.
• Lok Sabha is the lower house of the Parliament, while Rajya Sabha is the upper house.

The correct answer is Part III.

Key Points

• Article 32 of the Indian Constitution gives the right to individuals to move to the Supreme Court to seek justice.
• Under Article 32, the parliament can also entrust any other court to exercise the power of the Supreme Court, provided that it is within its Jurisdiction.
• Article 32 is for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
• The nature of the Writ Jurisdiction provided under this Article is discretionary.

• There are five types of Writs as provided under Article 32 of the Constitution:
  • Habeas Corpus.
  • Quo Warranto.
  • Mandamus.
  • Certiorari.
  • Prohibition.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Nomination of Members to Rajya Sabha.

• The procedure for the nomination of members to the Rajya Sabha is borrowed from Ireland.

Key Points

• Canadian Constitution: 
  • Advisory Jurisdiction of Supreme Court.
  • A federal system with a strong center.
  • Residual powers vest at the center.
  • Appointment of State Governors.

Additional Information

Sources of Indian Constitution

The correct answer is the 86^th amendment.

Key Points

• The 86^th amendment to the Constitution of India in 2002, provided the Right to Education as a Fundamental Right in Part-III of the Constitution.
• The amendment inserted Article 21A which made the Right to Education a fundamental right for children between 6-14 years.
• The 86^th amendment provided for follow-up legislation for Right to Education Bill 2008 and finally Right to Education Act, 2009.

The correct answer is Australia.

Key Points

The following things have been borrowed from the Constitution of Australia:

1. Concurrent List.
2. Freedom of trade.
3. Commerce and intercourse.
4. The joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament.

Additional Information

• The other borrowed provisions from different countries and details of those are given in below:

The correct answer is Lal Bahadur Shastri.

Key Points

• Lal Bahadur Shastri was the second Prime minister in India.
  • He served as the Prime minister of India from 1964 to 1966.
  • He was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-Pak war in 1965.
  • His birthday also falls on 2^nd October along with Mahatma Gandhi's birthday.
  • The famous slogan "Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan" was raised by Lal Bahadur Shastri.
  • He signed on Tashkent Declaration along with the then-President of Pakistan Muhammad Ayub Khan on 10^th January 1966.
  • He is the first prime minister to die abroad.
  • He was honoured with the Bharat Ratna in 1966.
  • He was the first person to receive Bharat Ratna posthumously.
  • The resting place of Lal Bahadur Shastri is called Vijayghat.

Additional Information

• Jawaharlal Nehru was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-China war in 1962.
• Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-Pak war in 1971.
• Rajiv Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India when the Bhopal gas tragedy took place in 1984.

The correct answer is Kapurthala.

Important Points

• Kapurthala Rail Coach Factory is a coach manufacturing unit for the Indian Railways, located in the state of Punjab.
• It is located on the Jalandhar-Firozpur railway line. 
• Established in 1986, RCF has manufactured more than 30,000 passenger coaches of various types, including self-propelled passenger vehicles, making up more than 50% of the total Indian Railway coach population.
• It is a production unit with a per-year target of 1025 coaches.
• This production accounts for over 35 per cent of the total Indian Railway coach population.
• In the financial year 2013-14, the Rail Coach Factory (RCF) generated a record number of coaches as it achieved the mark of 1701 coaches against an installed capacity of 1500 per annum.
• RCF manufactured 23 different coach variants for high-speed trains such as Rajdhani, Shatabdi, double-decker, and other trains during the year.
• A highly cost-effective indigenous technology for the treatment of biowaste in coaches was also developed by the factory in association with DRDE.
• In 2013–14, approximately 2096 bio-toilets were installed.
• Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB) coaches have already been exported by the factory to Southeast Asian and African countries with Metre Gauge rail networks and the experience of Indian Railways in Meter Gauge rolling stock has proven handy in serving these markets.

                       Railways coach factory, Kapurthala

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The Correct answer is Jaipur.Key Points:

• National Institute of Agricultural Marketing (NIAM) is a national level institute set up by the Ministry of Agriculture, on 8 August 1988 at Jaipur, Rajasthan, to cater to the needs of agricultural marketing personnel and to offer specialized Training, Research, Consultancy, and Education in Agricultural Marketing in India and Southeast Asian countries.
• The institute is dedicated to Chaudhary Charan Singh, the fifth prime minister of India from where it derives its full name, "Chaudhary Charan Singh National Institute of Agricultural Marketing".
• The Union Minister for Agriculture is the President of the General body of NIAM and the Secretary, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation is the Chairman of the Executive Committee.

Additional Information

Major research institutes of India:-

The correct answer is Education.

Key Points

• There are six fundamental rights enshrined in Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the constitution of India.
• Fundamental rights apply universally to all citizens, irrespective of race, birthplace, religion, caste or gender.
• Article 21A of the Constitution of India provides the Right to Education.
• The RTE Act of the Parliament of India was enacted on 4 August 2009 and came into force on 1 April 2010.
• The Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right.

Additional Information

• The Fundamental Rights enshrined in the Constitution are-

The correct answer is 5.

Important Points

The Right to Equality provides:

• For the equal treatment of everyone before the law
• Prevent discrimination on various grounds
• Treats everybody as equals in matters of public employment  
• Abolish untouchability and titles

The article mentioned under the right to equality