Science Pedagogy MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Science Pedagogy - Download Free PDF

The integrated approach to teaching science emphasizes the connection between various scientific disciplines like physics, chemistry, and biology rather than treating them as isolated subjects. This method helps students understand science as a unified body of knowledge and promotes holistic learning.

Key Points

•  The integrated approach indeed helps break down artificial boundaries between different branches of science, encouraging students to see relationships and apply concepts across disciplines.
• This promotes better conceptual understanding and reduces compartmentalized knowledge, making science more meaningful and connected. Therefore, the statement about integration helping to unify science teaching is true.
• The opposing statement that this approach makes learning more fragmented is incorrect because integration actually fosters coherence rather than fragmentation.

Hence, the correct answer is (A) is true and (B) is false.

Remedial teaching in science focuses on helping students who struggle with specific concepts by addressing their learning gaps. It is not merely about repetition but involves diagnosing the root causes of misunderstanding and tailoring instruction to meet learners' needs effectively.

Key Points

• Before starting remedial instruction, the teacher must identify the specific areas of difficulty or misconceptions. This diagnostic step helps the teacher understand why students are struggling, whether due to conceptual confusion, lack of prior knowledge, or language issues.
• By pinpointing the exact nature of the problem, the teacher can then design targeted interventions to bridge the learning gap. This ensures the remedial teaching is meaningful and directly improves the student’s understanding.

Hint

• Moving on to the next topic ignores students' learning needs and may widen the gap.
• Punishing students is counterproductive and creates a negative learning environment.
• Giving extra homework without addressing the misunderstanding reinforces confusion instead of clarifying the concept.

Hence, the correct answer is to identify the specific areas of difficulty or misconceptions.

In science education, fostering creativity and critical thinking is vital. Instead of encouraging only one correct answer, effective science teaching often promotes open-ended thinking and problem-solving. This aligns with divergent thinking, where students generate many possible solutions, especially in real-world contexts like environmental issues.

Key Points

• Encouraging students to brainstorm multiple solutions to a local environmental problem develops innovation and divergent thinking.
• This approach allows learners to think beyond fixed answers, connect science to everyday life, and creatively explore various possibilities.
• It nurtures their ability to view a problem from different perspectives and construct diverse, practical solutions, which is essential for addressing complex issues like environmental sustainability.

Hint

• Rote memorization involves recalling facts without deeper understanding, which is not the goal here.
• Convergent thinking focuses on finding one correct answer, unlike the open-ended brainstorming process.
• Compliance with established procedures limits creativity and does not encourage students to explore new ideas.

Hence, the correct answer is innovation and divergent thinking.

Understanding the nature of science is essential in science education. Science is not just about memorizing facts; it’s about how knowledge is developed through observation, experimentation, and reasoning. Scientific knowledge evolves over time as new evidence and better explanations emerge.

Key Points

•  Science is best described as a dynamic and evolving process of inquiry. It seeks to understand the natural world through systematic investigation, evidence collection, and critical analysis.
• This process involves asking questions, forming hypotheses, testing through experiments, and revising understandings based on findings.
• Scientific theories and ideas are not fixed; they grow and change with new discoveries and insights, which reflects the true nature of scientific pursuit.

Hint

• Saying science is a collection of static facts is a misconception. Facts in science are continually revisited and refined.
• Claiming that science is based on supernatural beliefs misrepresents its foundation, which relies strictly on empirical and natural explanations.
• Viewing science as a tool to prove pre-conceived notions contradicts its core principle—science challenges assumptions and seeks unbiased truth.

Hence, the correct answer is science is a dynamic and evolving process of inquiry and understanding the natural world.

Observations are information gathered directly through the senses (what we see, hear, feel, etc.), while inferences are logical interpretations or explanations based on those observations. This distinction helps students think critically and build scientific reasoning skills.

Key Points

•  Statement (A) – “The candle flame flickers and produces light” – is an observation because it directly describes what the student can see or perceive through senses.
• Statement (B) – “The candle is undergoing combustion, consuming wax and oxygen” – is an inference because it interprets the process behind what is observed, involving scientific reasoning that is not directly seen. The student is explaining why the candle behaves the way it does, which requires applying prior knowledge about combustion.

Hence, the correct answer is A is observation and B is inference.

Science is dynamic, expanding body of knowledge covering ever-new domains of experience. It is an organized system of knowledge that is based on inquiry born out of natural curiosity, logical reasoning, and experimentation. 

• It is this organized knowledge with an inquiry, logical reasoning, and experimentation as its central themes, that we call science. Science may rightly be said to be a domain of inquiry.  

Key Points

Nature of science:

• Science comes out from people and it can not be guaranteed if people are not biased, hence, it can not be surely said that scientists are totally objective in their work.
• There are several methods of conducting research namely action research, experimental research, survey research, etc.
• Science does not rely on belief, rather it is dependent on facts.
• Science is exploited by people, hence it is social in nature.
• One of the most important characteristics of science is that even the most established theories can be modified, or even abandoned if new experimental results do not fit into the existing theories.

Hence, the statement 'science is social in nature' best describes the nature of science.

Evaluation is a systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting evidence of students’ progress and achievement. The evaluation approach is an innovation in the field of education. B.S. Bloom has given this approach to the teaching-learning process.

Key Points

• Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) in science refers to evaluating all aspects of a student's development in science, not just academic performance.
• This includes cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor skills.
• CCE emphasizes a holistic approach to assessment, where both academic and non-academic areas are considered.
• Comprehensive: Covers all aspects of learning, including knowledge, understanding, application, and skills in science.
• Continuous: Ongoing evaluation throughout the academic year, through different methods like projects, lab work, activities, and quizzes.

Hint

• While summative and formative assessments are part of the process, CCE is broader, focusing on the overall development of the student across various dimensions of science education,.

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that continuous and comprehensive evaluation in science means evaluation of all aspects of science.

The correct answer is Global System for Mobile.

• GSM technology is used in mobile phones.
• The full form of GSM is Global System for Mobile.

Key Points

• ETSI (European Telecommunication Standard Institute) has developed this technology.
• The protocols for second-generation digital cellular networks are described by the GSM technology.
• In 1991, Finland was the first country of deploying GSM.
• The global system of mobile communication became a global standard for mobile communications in 2010.
• It achieved a market share of 90% at that time.
• A digital circuit-switched network that was optimized for full-duplex voice telephony was described by GSM global technology.
• The GSM associations own the trademark of GSM.
• It is a secured wireless system.
• A pre-shared key is used for user authentication.
• Several cryptographic algorithms for security are used in GSM technology.

Assessment tools and techniques for determining the student's academic capabilities, fluency, and skills in a particular subject area, as well as their progress towards academic proficiency in that subject area. It includes quizzes, portfolios, observations, rating scales, anecdotal records, etc.

Key PointsAnecdotal records- It is a thorough descriptive narrative that is recorded after a specific behavior or interaction of children.

• It helps the teacher in planning learning activities, providing information to families, and recognizing the learning gaps of children.
• It is used to keep track of specific observations of students' actions, skills, and attitudes.

Hence, we conclude that their behavior of Shyam will be recorded in the anecdotal records.

Additional Information

• Rating scale- It is used for measuring the attitude of students in any situation.
• Observation- It means watching purposefully. It is important for understanding the student's behavior and needs.
• Portfolio- It is a systematically arranged compilation of students' work in a specific period of time.

Scientific method is a series of steps to collect information or solve problems. It is a process with the help of which scientists try to investigate, verify or construct an appropriate version of any natural phenomena.

• They are defined as controlled, systematic investigations that are rooted in objective reality and that aim to develop general knowledge about natural phenomena.
• The scientific method involves reflective thinking, reasoning, and results from the achievement of certain abilities, skills, and attitudes. 

Key PointsThe scientific method is based on the following steps:

•  Making an observation:  These observations are based on what has already happened and can be verified as right or wrong.
•  Forming a hypothesis: A hypothesis is a statement that provides an educated prediction or proposed solution.
• Testing the hypothesis/conducting experiment: This is when an activity is created to confirm (or not confirm) the hypothesis.
• Verification of Hypothesis: Once the experiment is completed, the results can be analyzed. The results should either confirm the hypothesis as true or false.
• Drawing a conclusion: It is the last step of the problem-solving, a conclusion is drawn when all information is collected.

Thus, it is concluded that the first step of the scientific method is making an observation.

Co-curricular activities refer to the activities that complement classroom learning experiences of students, maybe organized inside or even outside of the school premises.

• Co-curricular activities should be organized in the school as they help in the overall development of the child. 
• The overall development of a child demands co-curricular activities to be included in the curriculum.

Key Points

Co-curricular activities are mostly related to all-round development of students as co-curricular activities make learning meaningful by:

• ensuring the overall development of learners.
• providing a practical approach towards the topics.
• making learners apply theoretical concepts practically.
• stimulating interest in activities beyond routine classwork.

Co-curricular activities include:

• Social welfare activities
• Visiting parks and museums
• Excursion and sports activities
• Involvement in poster making and dramas
• Participation In Science Clubs And Associations, etc.

Hence, it could be concluded that Co-curricular activities should be organized in the school as they help in the overall development of the child. 

Science as a discipline has its unique perspective. Science is not limited to observation, experimentation, and analysis only rather it is a way of life. Science is an expanding body of knowledge through the process of inquiry.

 Key Points

Nature of Science:

• Science is socially and culturally embedded.
• Science is inferential, imaginative, and creative. It is subjective and theory-laden.
• Science is empirical (based on or derived from developed observation of the natural world).
• Science is not merely a collection of evidence of happenings rather it attempts to understand happening through analysis, testing, and verification.

Important Points

• The value of science comes from its economical and political importance,  but science seeks the truth by observing important values: a scientist must be honest, modest, always critical, rejecting any dogmatism and any fraud,  but also creative, imaginative, and able to work collectively.
• The main values of science to be rigorous, rational, honest, critical, creative, etc. can explain how science aims as far as possible at the truth (even if the scientific knowledge is always under construction) but it is impossible to say that science is the only truth in our world.

Thus, it is concluded that Reality is the value of science for nature.

Expository Approach:

• It is also known as the Transmission Approach.
  In this approach, the teacher is communicating maximum information to the students in a minimum of time.
• This approach helps the teacher to cover the content to be taught to the students.
• This approach is widely used across all subjects and different levels of education by the teacher. 
• The main proponent of this method is David P. Ausubel.
• In the expository approach all the cues provided by the teacher while teaching, the deductive thinking wherein abstract content is differentiated by the teacher giving appropriate examples to the students.
• The teaching Learning process is totally controlled by the teacher.

Hence, the Expository transmission approach in the classroom is completely teacher-centered.

Assessment is a process of collecting relevant information on student learning. It is an integral part of the teaching-learning process. Assessment is conducted in different phases of the teaching-learning process.

• In learner centered assessment the ‘learner’ or ‘child’ and not the ‘teacher’ is the main focus of the educational programme. 
• The overall goal is the all-round development of the child and not only that of acquiring knowledge. 

Key Points

Tool for Learner Centered Assessment: Portfolio, concept mapping, rating scale, Journal writing, and anecdotal records, etc. are the tools for learner centered assessment.

• Portfolio: It contains samples of the learner's work like project reports, assignments, etc to evaluate academic achievement and learning progress over time. It is used for learner centered assessment.
• Concept Mapping: It is a pedagogic technique to help students to check explicitly how new concepts can be related to previously learned concepts. Concept maps are graphical tools for organizing and representing knowledge. It can be in the form of flowcharts, tables, Venn diagrams, etc.
• Journal Writing: It refers to a form of writing, written by learners to record their insights, perceptions, experiences, etc on a specific topic. It helps them in organizing their thoughts and allows them to reflect on themselves. It is used for learner centered assessment.
• Field Trip: It refers to a learning approach that ensures the active involvement of learners in the learning process by taking them at a certain place where they earn knowledge by engaging with real situations.
• Project Work: It refers to a series of task that needs to be done by a group of learners to achieve a particular goal. It promotes the voluntary participation of learners and emphasizes active learning. It is used for learner centered assessment.

NOTE: Paper-Pencil test is used to measure relevant factors of participants' visuospatial ability.

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that Portfolio, Concept mapping and Journal writing are the tools for learner centered assessment.

Science is derived from the Latin word ‘Scientia which means ‘to know. So, science is limited not only to observation, experimentation, and analysis but also to knowing ways of life. It should be noted that:

Key Points

• The Product of Science is obtained after processing methods of science which are to observe infer, measure, communicate, classify, predict, and use number-space-time relationships and integrated process skills (to control variables, define the operation, formulate a hypothesis, interpret data and, experiments are dealt with in detail).
• The basic components of knowledge that are gathered after applying the above process are fact (24 hours in a day), principle (Archimedes principle), theory or scientific law (Newton’s law), and, concept (speed is distance per unit of time).

Hence, we conclude that scientific laws are the product of science.