As per the NFHS-5 (2019-21), what is the approximate percentage of households in India with access to improved sanitation facilities?

The correct answer is 70%.

Key Points

• As per the National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5) conducted during 2019-21, approximately 70% of households in India have access to improved sanitation facilities.
• Improved sanitation facilities refer to access to toilets that hygienically separate human excreta from human contact, such as flush toilets or pit latrines.
• The NFHS-5 data reflects a significant improvement compared to previous NFHS surveys, highlighting progress in India's sanitation infrastructure.
• Government initiatives such as Swachh Bharat Mission have been instrumental in driving improved sanitation coverage across the country.
• Rural areas have witnessed substantial growth in sanitation facilities, narrowing the gap with urban areas.

Additional Information

• Improved Sanitation Facilities:
  • Defined as facilities that hygienically separate human excreta from human contact.
  • Examples include flush/pour flush toilets, ventilated improved pit latrines, and composting toilets.
  • These facilities contribute to better public health and reduced waterborne diseases.
• Swachh Bharat Mission:
  • Launched in 2014 by the Government of India to eliminate open defecation and improve sanitation.
  • Focused on constructing toilets, waste management, and raising awareness about hygiene.
  • Played a key role in increasing access to improved sanitation facilities.
• NFHS-5 Survey:
  • Conducted by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
  • A comprehensive survey covering health, nutrition, and population indicators.
  • Provides critical data for policymaking and tracking national progress.
• Impact of Improved Sanitation:
  • Reduces the prevalence of waterborne diseases like diarrhea and cholera.
  • Improves overall public health and productivity.
  • Enhances environmental sustainability by reducing pollution.