Every year the Human Development Report (HDR) is published by __________.

The correct answer is United Nations Development Programme.

Key Points

• The Human Development Report (HDR) is published annually by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
• The first HDR was launched in 1990 under the guidance of Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq and Indian economist Amartya Sen.
• The report provides an in-depth analysis of global human development indicators, including health, education, and income.
• It introduces and ranks countries based on the Human Development Index (HDI), which measures a nation's achievements in health, education, and standard of living.
• The HDR serves as a critical resource for policymakers and researchers to address challenges in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Additional Information

• Human Development Index (HDI):
  • The HDI is a composite index that measures a country’s average achievements in three basic aspects of human development: health (life expectancy), education (mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling), and income (gross national income per capita).
  • It ranks countries into four tiers: very high, high, medium, and low human development.
  • The HDI helps compare development levels among nations and regions.
• United Nations Development Programme (UNDP):
  • The UNDP was established in 1965 and is headquartered in New York City, USA.
  • It works in around 170 countries and territories to eradicate poverty, reduce inequalities, and build resilience.
  • UNDP is a key agency for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• Human Development Report Themes:
  • Each HDR focuses on a specific theme, such as inequality, climate change, or gender equity, providing insights into global challenges.
  • The 2021/2022 HDR was titled "Uncertain Times, Unsettled Lives" and explored the intersection of human development with crises like the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change.
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
  • The SDGs are a set of 17 interconnected global goals adopted by UN member states in 2015.
  • The UNDP plays a vital role in supporting countries to implement these goals, which aim to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all by 2030.