The Eastern Coastal Plains of India are best described as which type of coast?

The correct answer is Emergent coast.

Key Points

• The Eastern Coastal Plains of India are classified as an emergent coast, which means they have been formed due to the gradual upliftment of land or a fall in sea level.
• These plains stretch along the eastern edge of India, covering states like Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and parts of West Bengal.
• The region is marked by extensive deltas formed by rivers like the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri, which contribute to the fertile soil.
• Emergent coasts are characterized by features such as wide plains, lagoons, backwaters, and riverine estuaries, which are prominent along India’s Eastern Coastal Plains.
• These plains are generally flat and low-lying, making them suitable for agriculture and settlement.

Additional Information

• Emergent Coast:
  • An emergent coast forms due to tectonic uplift or a drop in sea level, exposing previously submerged areas.
  • Such coasts often feature raised beaches, marine terraces, and expansive plains.
  • India’s Eastern Coastal Plains are an example, showcasing deltaic formations and fertile lands.
• Submerged Coast:
  • Formed due to rising sea levels or subsidence of land, resulting in features such as bays, fjords, and estuaries.
  • India’s Western Coastal Plains exhibit characteristics of a partially submerged coast.
• River Deltas:
  • Rivers like the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri contribute to the formation of fertile deltas along the Eastern Coastal Plains.
  • These deltas are vital for agriculture and host biodiversity-rich ecosystems.
• Coastal Importance in India:
  • The Eastern Coastal Plains are crucial for agriculture, fishing, and port-based trade.
  • Prominent cities like Chennai, Visakhapatnam, and Kolkata are located along this coast.