What is pedogenesis ?  

The correct answer is Process of Soil formation.

Key Points

• Pedogenesis is the scientific term for the process of soil formation.
• This process involves the breakdown of parent material (such as rock) through various physical, chemical, and biological processes.
• Factors influencing pedogenesis include climate, organisms, topography, parent material, and time.
• The end result of pedogenesis is the formation of soil horizons, which are distinct layers within the soil that have different characteristics.
• Soil formation is crucial for agriculture, ecosystems, and plant growth as it provides essential nutrients and a medium for roots to anchor.

 Additional Information

• Study of Volcanic eruption
  • The study of volcanic eruptions falls under the field of volcanology.
  • Volcanologists study the formation, activity, and effects of volcanoes.
  • This field involves understanding the eruption mechanisms, predicting eruptions, and mitigating volcanic hazards.
• Process of Lava formation
  • The process of lava formation is part of igneous petrology.
  • Lava is the molten rock that emerges from a volcano during an eruption.
  • When lava cools and solidifies, it forms igneous rocks.
• Study of Earthquakes
  • The study of earthquakes is known as seismology.
  • Seismologists analyze the causes, frequency, and effects of earthquakes.
  • This field includes the study of seismic waves and the Earth's internal structure.