What is the function of the growth hormone secreted by the pituitary gland? 

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  1. It stimulates growth in all organs. 
  2. It regulates the blood sugar level. 
  3. It regulates the menstrual cycle. 
  4. It regulates metabolism for body growth. 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : It stimulates growth in all organs. 
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The correct answer is It stimulates growth in all organs.

Key Points

  • The growth hormone, also known as somatotropin, is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.
  • Its primary function is to stimulate growth in all organs and tissues of the body, including bones and muscles.
  • It plays a crucial role in the regulation of body composition, body fluids, muscle and bone growth, sugar and fat metabolism, and possibly heart function.
  • Growth hormone stimulates the liver to produce an insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), which is a key player in muscle growth and repair.
  • The hormone is most active during childhood and adolescence, which are critical periods for growth and development.

 Additional Information

  • It regulates the blood sugar level
    • The regulation of blood sugar levels is primarily controlled by hormones such as insulin and glucagon, which are secreted by the pancreas.
    • While growth hormone does have some influence on metabolism, its direct role in blood sugar regulation is limited compared to insulin.
  • It regulates the menstrual cycle
    • The menstrual cycle is regulated by a complex interaction of hormones including estrogen, progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
    • These hormones are primarily produced by the ovaries and the pituitary gland, but the growth hormone does not play a direct role in this process.
  • It regulates metabolism for body growth
    • While growth hormone does influence metabolism, its primary function is to stimulate growth in all organs rather than solely regulating metabolism.
    • Other hormones like thyroid hormones, insulin, and adrenal hormones also play significant roles in regulating metabolism.
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