When an elastic body is subjected to an axial tensile force, it undergoes: 

Explanation:

When an elastic body is subjected to a tensile axial force, it experiences elongation along the direction of the force. This results in the following effects:

1. Increase in Length (Axial Elongation):

• The tensile force pulls the material, causing it to stretch in the direction of the applied force.

• This is the primary deformation experienced by the body.

2. Decrease in Cross-Sectional Area (Lateral Contraction):

• While the length increases, the cross-sectional area reduces due to conservation of volume (approximately) in elastic materials.

Additional InformationElastic Body

• An elastic body is a material that returns to its original shape and size after the removal of the load, provided the stress is within its elastic limit.

• Follows Hooke's Law, where stress is directly proportional to strain within the elastic range.

• Examples: mild steel, aluminum (in elastic range), rubber (though highly elastic, not linearly).

 Strain

• Axial strain: Change in length per unit original length.

• Lateral strain: Change in cross-sectional dimension per unit original dimension.

• These strains help in analyzing how materials deform under load.