Which English political scientist, had described the Preamble as the 'keynote' to the Indian Constitution?

The correct answer is Sir Ernest Barker.

Key Points

• Sir Ernest Barker, a prominent English political scientist, described the Preamble of the Indian Constitution as the 'keynote' to the Constitution.
• Barker emphasized that the Preamble reflects the core principles and philosophy underlying the Constitution, such as justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.
• His interpretation highlights the importance of the Preamble as a guiding light for understanding the intent and spirit of the Indian Constitution.
• Sir Ernest Barker’s views on the Preamble were highly influential and are still widely cited in Indian constitutional studies and legal discourses.

Additional Information

• Preamble of the Indian Constitution:
  • The Preamble serves as the introductory statement of the Constitution, outlining its objectives and guiding principles.
  • It declares India to be a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic.
  • It aims to secure justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity for all citizens.
• Justice, Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity:
  • Justice includes social, economic, and political justice.
  • Liberty ensures freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship.
  • Equality guarantees equal opportunity and status for all citizens.
  • Fraternity promotes a sense of brotherhood and unity among the citizens of India.
• Sir Ernest Barker's Contributions:
  • He was a renowned English political scientist and historian, known for his works on political theory and philosophy.
  • He wrote extensively on democracy and constitutional governance.
  • His observations on constitutional preambles, including India’s, have been highly regarded for their depth and clarity.
• Significance of the Preamble in Indian Jurisprudence:
  • The Preamble is regarded as the soul of the Indian Constitution, reflecting its fundamental values.
  • In the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973), the Supreme Court of India ruled that the Preamble is a part of the Constitution and can be used to interpret ambiguous provisions.
  • It serves as a touchstone for constitutional interpretation and governance.