Which of the following is a characteristics of amorphous solids?

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SSC CGL 2021 Tier-I (Held On : 19 April 2022 Shift 2)
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  1. A definite and characteristic enthalpy of fusion 
  2. Melting at a sharp and characteristic temperature 
  3. A definite characteristic geometrical shape 
  4. Gradual softening over a range of temperatures 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Gradual softening over a range of temperatures 
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Explanation:-

Amorphous Solid:-

  • There is a lack of long-term planning.
  • The constituent particles of an amorphous solid do not have a long-range order of arrangement.
  • There is no distinct melting point. Amorphous solids do not have a distinct melting point and melt at a variety of temperatures.
  • Conversion from a liquid to a crystalline state.
  • Amorphous solids have two distinct characteristics.
  • When cleaved or split, they form pieces with irregular, typically curved surfaces, and when exposed to x-rays, their components are not ordered in a regular array, resulting in poorly defined patterns.
  • Glass is an amorphous, translucent substance.
  • Amorphous solids are solids that lack a distinct geometry, have identical characteristics along all axes, melt across a wide range, and shatter into curved or irregular shapes.
  • It's vital to remember that these phrases represent two opposite ends of a spectrum.
  • Short-range order exists in most amorphous substances.

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