Which of the following is used to dissipate excess Kinetic energy of the water? 

​Energy dissipater:

• Energy dissipater is a structure provided behind an overflow section, for example  a spillway, in order to dissipate the excess kinetic energy of water at downstream of the spillway.
• A spillway provided in the dam site always consists of an energy dissipating structure at the the toe of the dam.
• It kills the excess energy of surplus water and thus prevents damages to the dam and any other appurtenant structures in the downstream.
• Energy dissipation of water passing over the crest of spillway may be achieved by one of the following methods:

1. Hydraulic Jump Type Stilling Basin
2. Roller Bucket
3. Deflector Bucket / Flip Bucket / Ski Jump Bucket / Trajectory Bucket

Additional Information Canal Escapes:

(i) Canal escapes are structure constructed on an irrigation canal for the purpose of releasing excess water from canal.

Function of canal escapes:

(i) Provides protection to the canal against damage due to excess supplies

(ii) Emptying the canal for repairs and maintenance and removing a part of sediment deposited in the canal.