Which tissue in the respiratory system is most sensitive and destroyed to the greatest extent by tobacco smoke?

The correct answer is Ciliated epithelium in the upper respiratory tract.

Key Points

• The ciliated epithelium in the upper respiratory tract plays a critical role in trapping and removing particles and pathogens from inhaled air.
• Tobacco smoke contains harmful chemicals that damage the cilia, impairing their ability to clear mucus and debris from the respiratory tract.
• Continuous exposure to tobacco smoke leads to chronic inflammation and destruction of the ciliated epithelium, resulting in conditions like chronic bronchitis and increased susceptibility to respiratory infections.
• The loss of ciliary function contributes to the accumulation of mucus, which can obstruct airways and further compromise respiratory health.

Additional Information

• Ciliated Epithelium:
  • It consists of cells with hair-like structures called cilia that move rhythmically to transport mucus and trapped particles out of the respiratory tract.
  • It is primarily located in the nasal passages, trachea, and bronchi.
• Mucociliary Clearance:
  • This is a defense mechanism that involves the movement of mucus by ciliary action to clear inhaled pathogens and particles from the respiratory tract.
  • Effective mucociliary clearance is essential for respiratory health and preventing infections.
• Tobacco Smoke Components:
  • Tobacco smoke contains thousands of harmful chemicals, including tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide, and various carcinogens.
  • These substances can damage the respiratory epithelium, impair immune responses, and lead to chronic respiratory diseases.
• Chronic Bronchitis:
  • A long-term condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the bronchi, leading to persistent cough and mucus production.
  • It is commonly associated with smoking and damage to the ciliated epithelium.
• Respiratory Infections:
  • Damage to the ciliated epithelium increases the risk of infections like pneumonia and bronchitis.
  • Impaired mucociliary clearance allows pathogens to settle in the respiratory tract, leading to infection and inflammation.