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Kamarajar Port: Map, Location, Infrastructure for UPSC Notes
IMPORTANT LINKS
GS Paper |
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Topics for UPSC Prelims |
Governance of major ports in India, Location of Kamarajar Port |
Topics for UPSC Mains |
Government initiatives for port-led development, Role of ports in regional development |
Historical Background of Kamarajar Port
The history of Kamarajar Port is interesting. Initially called Ennore Port, the name was changed to honor the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, K. Kamaraj. Established officially in 2001, this port became operational as India's 12th major port. Being the first major port in India registered as a company, it marked a new trend. This structure allows better efficiency and management, making Kamarajar Port Limited unique among ports in Tamil Nadu.
Also, study the Rivers & Drainage System of India for UPSC Preparation!
Kamarajar Port Location and Significance
The Kamarajar Port location is strategic. It lies approximately 24 kilometers north of Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Specifically, the port is situated at Ennore Creek, near Ennore Kuppam village. The ennore distance from Chennai city center is advantageous for industrial connectivity. Students can use an ennore map for better understanding. Among the various major ports in Tamil Nadu, Kamarajar Port serves as a primary gateway for cargo like coal, automobiles, and petroleum products.
Read upsc notes on Interlinking of Rivers for preparation!
Why is Kamarajar Port Important? Kamarajar Port holds immense importance. Being near the automotive industry hub around ennore port chennai, it efficiently handles large cargo volumes. It is the primary port for automobile exports from India. Additionally, it manages substantial coal imports needed for power plants in southern India. Such points are vital when studying kamarajar port upsc details. |
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Infrastructure at Kamarajar Port
The infrastructure at Kamarajar Port is modern and efficient. It supports large-scale cargo handling with advanced berths and terminals for coal, liquids, and automobiles.
Berthing and Cargo Handling Facilities
Kamarajar Port has modern infrastructure. It has multiple berths dedicated to handling diverse cargo. The port is equipped with specialized terminals for coal, automobiles, and liquid cargo. UPSC aspirants must note these facilities. Such infrastructure supports rapid loading and unloading operations at the ennore harbour.
Connectivity and Transportation
Good connectivity is another feature of Kamarajar Port. The port connects via rail and road networks efficiently. This connectivity supports quick cargo distribution to nearby regions. Ennore distance from Chennai and other industrial hubs ensures smooth logistical operations. Understanding connectivity helps aspirants grasp the operational efficiency of the kpl port.
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Economic Impact of Kamarajar Port
The economic significance of Kamarajar Port is notable. It contributes significantly to India's trade and commerce. The port generates employment opportunities around ennore kuppam and surrounding areas. Additionally, it supports industries dependent on coal and automotive exports, boosting regional economic growth.
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Environmental Concerns and Measures
Environmental concerns are associated with the ennore port due to its heavy industrial activity. Issues such as coastal erosion around ennore creek have been observed. To mitigate these, the authorities have implemented strict environmental norms. Sustainable practices at ennore kamarajar port include regular monitoring and environmental protection activities.
Kamarajar Port: Key Facts for UPSC Aspirants
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Current Developments at Kamarajar Port
Kamarajar Port is undergoing significant expansions to enhance its capacity and infrastructure, aligning with India's maritime growth objectives.
Infrastructure and Capacity Enhancements
- Cargo handling capacity increased from 37 million tonnes in 2014-15 to 94 million tonnes in 2023-24, a 154% rise. The target is 254.5 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) by 2047 with plans for 27 berths.
- Phase I of the container terminal, with a quay length of 330 meters and a capacity of 11.58 MTPA, is planned under the Design, Build, Finance, Operate, and Transfer (DBFOT) model. Construction is yet to commence.
- A new RoRo cum General Cargo Berth-II, including a car parking yard with a capacity of 3.00 MTPA, has been constructed at a cost of ₹149.36 crore and was inaugurated on January 2, 2024.
Connectivity Improvements
- ₹88.91 crore invested to enhance rail connectivity with a 2.65 km railway line, three new rail bridges, and upgraded level crossings.
- A southern port access road is being developed to improve road connectivity and facilitate smoother cargo movement.
Environmental and Sustainability Initiatives
- A ₹520 crore capital dredging project (Phase-VI) is underway to deepen the port's berth to 18 meters for larger vessels.
- A 1 MLD seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant is being set up at a cost of ₹37 crore.
- A ₹20.51 crore shore power supply facility has been established to provide electricity to berthed vessels and reduce emissions.
Financial Performance
- Revenue increased from ₹1,009 crore in the previous fiscal year to ₹1,081 crore in 2023-24. The current fiscal target is ₹1,175 crore.
- The port handled 1,14,604 automobile units in 2023-24 and aims to exceed 1.4 lakh units this year.
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Comparison with Other Major Ports in Tamil NaduChennai Port vs Kamarajar Port
Feature
Chennai Port
Kamarajar Port
Location
In the heart of Chennai city
Ennore, about 24 km north of Chennai
Year of Establishment
1881
2001
Expansion Space
Limited due to urban surroundings
Ample land available for expansion
Major Cargo
Containers, general cargo
Coal, automobiles, liquid cargo
Operational Management
Government-managed port trust
Company under Ministry of Shipping
Type
Traditional government port
First major port in India registered as a company
Environmental Focus
Limited scope for green expansion
Focus on sustainable practices
Tuticorin Port vs Kamarajar Port
Feature
Tuticorin Port (V.O. Chidambaranar Port)
Kamarajar Port
Location
Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu
Ennore, about 24 km north of Chennai
Year of Establishment
1974
2001
Major Cargo
General cargo, containers, salt
Coal, automobiles, liquid cargo
Operational Management
Government-managed port trust
Company under Ministry of Shipping
Expansion Potential
Moderate
High
Specialization
General and container cargo
Bulk cargo and automobile exports
Environmental Approach
Traditional practices
Focus on sustainability
Feature |
Chennai Port |
Kamarajar Port |
Location |
In the heart of Chennai city |
Ennore, about 24 km north of Chennai |
Year of Establishment |
1881 |
2001 |
Expansion Space |
Limited due to urban surroundings |
Ample land available for expansion |
Major Cargo |
Containers, general cargo |
Coal, automobiles, liquid cargo |
Operational Management |
Government-managed port trust |
Company under Ministry of Shipping |
Type |
Traditional government port |
First major port in India registered as a company |
Environmental Focus |
Limited scope for green expansion |
Focus on sustainable practices |
Feature |
Tuticorin Port (V.O. Chidambaranar Port) |
Kamarajar Port |
Location |
Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu |
Ennore, about 24 km north of Chennai |
Year of Establishment |
1974 |
2001 |
Major Cargo |
General cargo, containers, salt |
Coal, automobiles, liquid cargo |
Operational Management |
Government-managed port trust |
Company under Ministry of Shipping |
Expansion Potential |
Moderate |
High |
Specialization |
General and container cargo |
Bulk cargo and automobile exports |
Environmental Approach |
Traditional practices |
Focus on sustainability |
Key Takeaways for UPSC Aspirants
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Subject-wise Prelims Previous Year Questions |
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Conclusion
Kamarajar Port plays a significant role in India's maritime and economic development. It symbolizes modern infrastructure, efficient management, and strategic location. For UPSC aspirants, understanding its history, location, infrastructure, and environmental impacts is crucial. Regular updates on developments at the port ensure comprehensive preparation for competitive exams.
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Kamarajar Port UPSC FAQs
What makes Kamarajar Port unique among Indian ports?
It is the first major port in India registered as a company, making it different from traditional government-run ports.
What is the significance of Ennore Kuppam?
Ennore Kuppam is a village near the port, contributing local labor and witnessing economic development due to port activities.
What is Kamarajar Port and where is it located?
Kamarajar Port is a major seaport on India’s east coast. It is located at Ennore Creek, about 24 km from Chennai.
What is the old name of Kamarajar Port?
It was earlier known as Ennore Port before being renamed after Tamil Nadu's former Chief Minister, K. Kamaraj.
Why is Kamarajar Port important for UPSC?
It is important due to its economic role, unique company structure, and environmental impact—key topics under kamarajar port upsc.
What cargo does Kamarajar Port handle?
The port handles coal, liquid cargo, and automobiles. It is a leading automobile export hub in India.