Kamarajar Port, earlier known as Ennore Port, is a major seaport located on the eastern coast of India. It is near Chennai in Tamil Nadu. The port is operated by Kamarajar Port Limited. It mainly handles coal, automobiles, and liquid cargo.

It is officially the first major port in India registered as a company, making it unique. This fact is especially important for students preparing for Kamarajar Port UPSC topics. The port lies at Ennore Creek, which gives it strategic economic importance. Its location supports regional development and trade.

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Historical Background of Kamarajar Port

The history of Kamarajar Port is interesting. Initially called Ennore Port, the name was changed to honor the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, K. Kamaraj. Established officially in 2001, this port became operational as India's 12th major port. Being the first major port in India registered as a company, it marked a new trend. This structure allows better efficiency and management, making Kamarajar Port Limited unique among ports in Tamil Nadu.

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Kamarajar Port Location and Significance

The Kamarajar Port location is strategic. It lies approximately 24 kilometers north of Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Specifically, the port is situated at Ennore Creek, near Ennore Kuppam village. The ennore distance from Chennai city center is advantageous for industrial connectivity. Students can use an ennore map for better understanding. Among the various major ports in Tamil Nadu, Kamarajar Port serves as a primary gateway for cargo like coal, automobiles, and petroleum products.

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Infrastructure at Kamarajar Port

The infrastructure at Kamarajar Port is modern and efficient. It supports large-scale cargo handling with advanced berths and terminals for coal, liquids, and automobiles.

Berthing and Cargo Handling Facilities

Kamarajar Port has modern infrastructure. It has multiple berths dedicated to handling diverse cargo. The port is equipped with specialized terminals for coal, automobiles, and liquid cargo. UPSC aspirants must note these facilities. Such infrastructure supports rapid loading and unloading operations at the ennore harbour.

Connectivity and Transportation

Good connectivity is another feature of Kamarajar Port. The port connects via rail and road networks efficiently. This connectivity supports quick cargo distribution to nearby regions. Ennore distance from Chennai and other industrial hubs ensures smooth logistical operations. Understanding connectivity helps aspirants grasp the operational efficiency of the kpl port.

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Economic Impact of Kamarajar Port

The economic significance of Kamarajar Port is notable. It contributes significantly to India's trade and commerce. The port generates employment opportunities around ennore kuppam and surrounding areas. Additionally, it supports industries dependent on coal and automotive exports, boosting regional economic growth.

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Environmental concerns are associated with the ennore port due to its heavy industrial activity. Issues such as coastal erosion around ennore creek have been observed. To mitigate these, the authorities have implemented strict environmental norms. Sustainable practices at ennore kamarajar port include regular monitoring and environmental protection activities.

Current Developments at Kamarajar Port

Kamarajar Port is undergoing significant expansions to enhance its capacity and infrastructure, aligning with India's maritime growth objectives.

Infrastructure and Capacity Enhancements

• Cargo handling capacity increased from 37 million tonnes in 2014-15 to 94 million tonnes in 2023-24, a 154% rise. The target is 254.5 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) by 2047 with plans for 27 berths.
• Phase I of the container terminal, with a quay length of 330 meters and a capacity of 11.58 MTPA, is planned under the Design, Build, Finance, Operate, and Transfer (DBFOT) model. Construction is yet to commence.
• A new RoRo cum General Cargo Berth-II, including a car parking yard with a capacity of 3.00 MTPA, has been constructed at a cost of ₹149.36 crore and was inaugurated on January 2, 2024.

Connectivity Improvements

• ₹88.91 crore invested to enhance rail connectivity with a 2.65 km railway line, three new rail bridges, and upgraded level crossings.
• A southern port access road is being developed to improve road connectivity and facilitate smoother cargo movement.

Environmental and Sustainability Initiatives

• A ₹520 crore capital dredging project (Phase-VI) is underway to deepen the port's berth to 18 meters for larger vessels.
• A 1 MLD seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant is being set up at a cost of ₹37 crore.
• A ₹20.51 crore shore power supply facility has been established to provide electricity to berthed vessels and reduce emissions.

Financial Performance

• Revenue increased from ₹1,009 crore in the previous fiscal year to ₹1,081 crore in 2023-24. The current fiscal target is ₹1,175 crore.
• The port handled 1,14,604 automobile units in 2023-24 and aims to exceed 1.4 lakh units this year.

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Comparison with Other Major Ports in Tamil Nadu

Chennai Port vs Kamarajar Port

Tuticorin Port vs Kamarajar Port

Conclusion

Kamarajar Port plays a significant role in India's maritime and economic development. It symbolizes modern infrastructure, efficient management, and strategic location. For UPSC aspirants, understanding its history, location, infrastructure, and environmental impacts is crucial. Regular updates on developments at the port ensure comprehensive preparation for competitive exams.

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