Software Engineering MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Software Engineering - Download Free PDF

Software requirement specification (SRS) is a description of a software system to be developed.  Specification types that are included are functional, non- functional, interfaces, performance, maintainability etc.

Sequence Diagram is an interaction diagram that emphasizes the time ordering of messages sent between objects.

Important Point

Sequence Diagrams

the interaction that takes place in a collaboration that either realizes a use case or high-level interactions between the user of the system and the system, between the system and other systems or between subsystems (sometimes known as system sequence diagrams)

Purpose of Sequence Diagram

• Model high-level interaction between active objects in a system
• Model the interaction between object instances within a collaboration that realizes a use case
• Model the interaction between objects within a collaboration that realizes an operation
• Either model generic interactions or specific instances of interaction 

Concept:

• A context diagram represents all entities that may interact with a system. The entire software system is shown as a single process. 
• System context diagram (also known as a level 0 DFD) is the highest level in a data flow diagram and contains only one process, representing the entire system, which establishes the context and boundaries of the system to be modeled. 
• It identifies the flows of information between the system and external entities
• Context diagram is typically included in a requirements document

The correct answer is option 3.

Concept:

Structured design:

Structured design is the conception of a problem into multiple well-organized solution pieces. It is primarily concerned with the design of the solution. Cohesion and Coupling are two criteria that structured design always follows for communication across numerous components.

Cohesion:

• Cohesion refers to the Grouping of all functionally related elements. 
• The degree to which the pieces inside a module belong together is referred to as Cohesiveness.

Coupling:

• Coupling refers to the communication between different modules.
• Coupling is the degree of dependency between software modules. It is a measure of how closely coupled two procedures or modules are; it is the strength of the links between modules.

Hence the correct answer is Cohesion.

The correct answer is Application software

Important Points

• MS Office, Photoshop, and Animagic are examples of Application software
• MS Office is a software bundle provided by Microsoft.
• It includes software like MS Word, MS Excel, MS Powerpoint, MS Outlook, MS Access, MS One Note, and others.

Additional Information

• Photoshop is a powerful photo editing tool by Adobe.
• An Operating System (OS) is an interface between a computer user and computer hardware.
• An operating system is software that performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management, process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.

Concept:

Software development life cycle is the logical process of developing a system that satisfies customer needs and can be developed within the predefined schedule and cost.

Explanation:

Various phases of the software development life cycle are : 

1) Analysis: First thing is to gather and analyze the requirements of the system. The information domain, function, behavioral requirements of the system are understood. These requirements are then well documented.

2) Design: After collecting and analyzing all necessary requirements, design architecture is prepared.

3) Coding: After the design, one can develop the code for the system using some programming language. During this, design is translated into a machine-readable form.

4) Testing: It is done to uncover the errors and fix the bugs.

5) Maintenance: Sometimes errors may get produced after system installation and sometimes the requirements get changed. At that time, the maintenance of the system is needed.

The correct answer is option 2.

Key PointsUML (Unified Modeling Language) diagrams can be categorized into two main types: structural diagrams (which present a static view of the system) and behavioral diagrams (which represent the dynamic aspects).

• Collaboration diagram – Represents interactions between objects or parts in terms of sequenced messages. It is a kind of behavioral diagram.
• Use-Case diagram – Represents the functionality provided by a system in terms of actors, their goals represented as use cases, and any dependencies between those use cases. It is a kind of structural diagram, providing a static view of the system's functionality.
• State chart diagram – Shows how an object changes its state in response to events. It is a type of behavioral diagram.
• Activity diagram – Represents workflows of stepwise activities and actions with support for choice, iteration and concurrency. It is considered a behavioral diagram.

Therefore, the diagram that represents a static view among the options listed is the Use-Case diagram.

Concept:

System development life cycle (SDLC) is a process followed for a software project, within a software organization. It consists of a detailed plan describing how to develop, maintain, replace and alter or enhance specific software.

The life cycle defines a methodology for improving the quality of software and the overall development process.

Phases of SDLC

Therefore, all options are correct

Concept:

Mutlimedia means combination of text, audio, video, graphics, and animation. Mutlimedia project are the multimedia materials which are presented on computer screen.

Explanation:

Phases of a multimedia project are : planning, designing , testing and delivering. 

Some points about multimedia project : 

• Interactive mutlimedia gives the navigational controls to the user. It control what elements are to be delivered.
• It requires creative skills, tools and organization talent to create mutlimedia projects.
• There are two categories in multimedia : linear and non - linear.
• Linear multimedia is without any navigational control example cinema.
• Non - linear provides user interactivity to control progress. Example : computer game.
• Mutlimedia system must be integrated, handled digitally and usually interactive.
• Mutlimedia can be delivered using optical disk, web or distributed network.

Regression testing is a type of maintenance testing. Maintenance testing encompasses all testing activities that are performed to identify and fix defects in an existing software system, and regression testing is a specific aspect of this process.

Key Points Maintenance testing is generally divided into two categories:

Corrective Maintenance Testing: This involves testing to identify and fix defects or issues in the software after it has been deployed.

Adaptive Maintenance Testing: This type of maintenance testing is carried out to adapt the software to changes in the environment, such as changes in hardware, software, or regulatory requirements.

Regression testing falls under both corrective and adaptive maintenance testing. When new code is added or existing code is modified, regression testing is performed to ensure that the changes do not negatively impact the existing functionality. This helps in maintaining the reliability and integrity of the software over time.

Concept:

Cloud computing provides a flexible environment to use resources at low cost. Cloud computing is a web based, distributed computing using which information, resources and software are distributed among different users. All the resources are on web, so this is the reason that there come various ways to provide services.

Explanation:

Cloud computing is internet-based computing where customers do not own the physical infrastructure. All services are on internet. Various services in cloud computing model are as follows:

SaaS – It stands for software as a service. In this, application is hosted as a service to customers who access it via internet. It provides packaged business process offerings that live in cloud. In this, cloud contains stack such as operating system, application software etc.

IaaS – It stands for infrastructure as a service. It is responsible for providing virtualized computing resources, network resources with IaaS users assemble their own virtual cluster on which they are responsible for installing, maintaining, and executing their own software stack.

PaaS – It stands for platform as a service. It supplies all the resources required to build applications and services completely by using internet without having to download or install software. It includes application design, development and hosting. 

NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT (NFR)

It specifies the quality attribute of a software system. They judge the software system based on Responsiveness, Usability, Security, Portability, and other non-functional standards that are critical to the success of the software system

Product requirements

Requirements specify that the delivered product must behave in a particular way, e.g. execution speed, reliability, etc.

Organizational requirements

Requirements which are a consequence of organizational policies and procedures, e.g. process standards used, implementation requirements, etc.

External requirement

Requirements which arise from factors which are external to the system and its development process, e.g. interoperability requirements, a legislative requirement

Software requirement specification (SRS) is a description of a software system to be developed.  Specification types that are included are functional, non- functional, interfaces, performance, maintainability etc.

Waterfall model is also known as Linear Sequential model in software engineering.

In waterfall model, finish each step completely and thoroughly before developer can move on to the next step.