A battery of EMF 6.0 V and internal resistance 1.0 Ω  is connected to a resistor of 11 Ω. The terminal potential difference for the battery is: 

Concept:

Battery: 

• ​ the battery is used for the conversion of energy from one form to another.
• In these devices, one terminal becomes positively charged while the other becomes negatively charged.
• Therefore, an electromotive force is a work done on a unit of electric charge.

Emf: ​Electromotive force 

• It is defined as the electric potential produced by either an electrochemical cell or by changing the magnetic field

• The formula, E = ir + iR, where E =  emf, i = current flowing in the circuit, r = internal resistance, R = external resistance connected in series.

Calculation:

Given,

The emf of battery, E = 6.0 V, The internal resistance of the battery, r = 1.0 Ω, The resistance connected to the circuit, R = 11 Ω 

Apply Kirchoff's voltage law in the above circuit, E = ir + iR

\(i=\frac{E}{R+r}\)

\(i=\frac{6}{11+1}=0.5 A\)

The voltage across the internal resistance is, e = ir

e = 0.5 ×1 = 0.5 V

So, the terminal potential difference between the battery is 

E_t = 6 - 0.5 = 5.5 V