A DC source of EMF E volts and internal resistance R ohms is connected to a variable load and it is adjusted such that the load absorbs maximum power from the source. The maximum power delivered from the source to the load is:

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  1. \(\rm \frac{E^2}{2R}\)
  2. \(\rm \frac{E^2}{R}\)
  3. \(\rm \frac{2E^2}{R}\)
  4. \(\rm \frac{E^2}{4R}\)

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : \(\rm \frac{E^2}{4R}\)
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Detailed Solution

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Maximum Power Transfer Theorem:

  • The maximum power transfer theorem states that the maximum power is delivered to the load when the load resistance (RL) is equal to the internal resistance (Rint) of the source.
     

For a DC source with EMF E volts and internal resistance R ohms, the maximum power (Pmax) delivered to the load is given by:

Pmax = (E² / (4R))

Where:

  • E = EMF of the source (in volts)
  • R = Internal resistance of the source (in ohms)
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