Consider the following :

Assertion (A): All human rights are universal, indivisible and interdependent : and interrelated.

Reasoning (R): The World Conference on Human Rights in 1993 asserted the same.

The correct answer is 'Both A and R are right and R is the correct explanation of A.'

Key Points

• Universal Nature of Human Rights:
  • Human rights are recognized as universal, indivisible, and interdependent, implying that they apply to everyone, everywhere, without discrimination.
  • These rights are interconnected, meaning the realization of one right often depends on the realization of others (e.g., the right to education impacts the right to work and livelihood).
• World Conference on Human Rights, 1993:
  • The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action adopted at the World Conference on Human Rights in 1993 reaffirmed the universality, indivisibility, and interdependence of human rights.
  • The declaration emphasized that all human rights must be treated equally and with the same emphasis, irrespective of their political, economic, social, or cultural nature.
• Connection Between Assertion (A) and Reasoning (R):
  • The assertion (A) correctly states the principle that all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent, and interrelated.
  • The reasoning (R) provides the context and source, as the World Conference on Human Rights in 1993 explicitly confirmed this principle, making R the correct explanation of A.

Additional Information

• Analysis of Other Options:
  • Option 1: This is incorrect because while both A and R are right, R is not just an additional fact but the correct explanation of A.
  • Option 2: This is incorrect because A is true, and the universality of human rights is a widely accepted principle, reaffirmed by the 1993 World Conference. R is also true.
  • Option 3: This is incorrect because R is not wrong. The World Conference on Human Rights indeed affirmed the universality and interdependence of human rights.
  • Option 4 (Correct): Both A and R are true, and R provides the correct explanation for A, as the 1993 World Conference forms the basis for the assertion.
• Significance of Universality of Human Rights:
  • The principle ensures that human rights are not subject to cultural, political, or social relativism.
  • It provides a framework for international cooperation to address human rights violations globally.