In a prolonged delivery, an abnormal Moro reflex in the newborn may be caused by:

Question

Question

This question was previously asked in

AIIMS NORCET 7 Prelims Memory Based Paper 2024

Answer 1

Correct Answer: Birth asphyxia

Rationale:

Birth asphyxia refers to a condition where a newborn does not receive adequate oxygen before, during, or immediately after birth. This lack of oxygen can lead to various complications, including abnormal reflexes such as the Moro reflex.
The Moro reflex, or startle reflex, is a response observed in newborns when they are startled by a loud sound or sudden movement. An abnormal Moro reflex can be an indicator of neurological issues caused by birth asphyxia.
During prolonged delivery, the risk of birth asphyxia increases due to potential complications such as cord compression, placental abruption, or other factors that impair the baby's oxygen supply.
Immediate and appropriate medical intervention is crucial to manage birth asphyxia and mitigate its impact on the newborn's health.

Explanation of Other Options:

Maternal hypertension

Rationale: Maternal hypertension refers to high blood pressure in the mother during pregnancy. While it can lead to complications such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, it is not directly associated with causing an abnormal Moro reflex in the newborn.

Placental insufficiency

Rationale: Placental insufficiency occurs when the placenta does not function adequately, leading to reduced oxygen and nutrient supply to the fetus. While it can contribute to overall fetal distress and complications, it is not specifically linked to an abnormal Moro reflex in the newborn.

Prematurity

Rationale: Prematurity refers to babies born before 37 weeks of gestation. Premature infants often have underdeveloped organs and systems, including the nervous system, which can affect their reflexes. However, prematurity itself is not a direct cause of an abnormal Moro reflex; rather, it is the underdevelopment that may lead to reflex abnormalities.

Conclusion

Among the given options, birth asphyxia is the condition most directly associated with causing an abnormal Moro reflex in a newborn. Prompt recognition and management of birth asphyxia are essential to prevent long-term neurological damage and ensure the well-being of the infant.