Comprehension

Read the following passage and answer the questions:

Sustainable textiles are centred around manufacturers switching to organic cotton or making textiles from natural, easily renewable materials such as bamboo or hemp. But little attention has been paid to the dyeing process, which can be a potentially destructive industry in terms of chemicals, waste and water use. 4000 years ago humans first used water to carry colour to a piece of cloth. Initial water pollution began. Since then, more and more chemicals have been added to dye textiles, leading to the current worsening water pollution. Today the World Bank estimates that 17-20% of industrial pollution is caused by the dyeing and treatment of textiles. They have also identified 72 toxic chemicals in our waters that are caused solely by the dyeing of textiles, 30 of these are persistent.

Traditional dyeing can use 7 to 75 gallons of water per pound of fabric to dye just one piece of fabric.

Air Dye technology from California-based Sustainable Technologies is the solution our planet needs today. Air Dye technology prints and dyes without consuming water or emitting pollutants. By using air instead of water to dye fabrics, this technology reduces water consumption and pollution.

In traditional textile dyeing methods amount of water used-

  1. 10-50 gallons/pound of fabric
  2. 17-20 gallons/pound of fabric
  3. 7-75 gallons/pound of fabric
  4. 70-750 gallons/pounds of fabric

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : 7-75 gallons/pound of fabric

Detailed Solution

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In traditional textile dyeing methods, a significant amount of water is used, typically ranging from 7 to 75 gallons per pound of fabric. This large consumption of water is necessary to ensure that the dyes are properly absorbed by the fabric, resulting in the desired color and quality. The process involves several stages, including pre-treatment, dyeing, and post-treatment, each of which requires substantial water usage. The high water demand not only impacts the environment through water depletion but also raises concerns about wastewater management, as the dyeing process generates a considerable amount of contaminated water that needs to be treated before being released. Efforts are being made to develop more sustainable dyeing techniques that reduce water consumption and minimize environmental impact while maintaining the quality of the dyed fabrics.
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