Match the following:

(a)	Loess	1.	River deposits
(b)	Moraines	2.	Glacier deposits
(c)	Gravels	3.	Wind deposits
(d)	Sand and Clay	4.	Sea deposits

 

 

 

 

 

Key Points

• Loess (a) is associated with wind deposits. It is a loosely compacted, windblown sediment that is usually silt-sized.
• Moraines (b) refer to glacier deposits. These are accumulations of dirt and rocks that have fallen onto the glacier surface or have been pushed along by the glacier as it moves.
• Gravels (c) are typically associated with river deposits. They are formed by the action of flowing water that transports and deposits fragments of rock.
• Sand and Clay (d) are related to sea deposits. These sediments are often deposited in marine environments through various processes including wave action, tides, and currents.

Additional Information

• Loess:
  • Loess is a predominantly silt-sized sediment that is formed by the accumulation of wind-blown dust.
  • It is typically homogeneous and highly porous, making it susceptible to erosion and landslides.
  • Loess can create fertile soils, which are beneficial for agriculture.
  • Regions like the Great Plains in the USA and the Loess Plateau in China are known for extensive loess deposits.
• Moraines:
  • Moraines are accumulations of glacial debris (till) that occur in currently or formerly glaciated regions.
  • There are several types of moraines, including lateral, terminal, and ground moraines.
  • Lateral moraines form along the sides of glaciers, terminal moraines form at the end of glaciers, and ground moraines form beneath glaciers.
  • They provide important information about past glacial movements and climate changes.
• Gravels:
  • Gravel is a loose aggregation of rock fragments and is classified by particle size range.
  • Gravel is an important commercial product with many applications, including construction, road building, and landscaping.
  • River gravels are typically rounded and smoothed by the action of moving water.
  • Gravel deposits in rivers indicate the presence of strong water currents capable of transporting large particles.
• Sand and Clay:
  • Sand and clay are common sediment types found in marine environments.
  • Sand consists of fine rock and mineral particles that have been weathered and eroded from larger rocks.
  • Clay is composed of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals.
  • In marine environments, these sediments are deposited by processes such as wave action, tides, and currents, and they form various geological features like beaches and deltas.