Which Act is known as the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms?

The correct answer is The Government of India Act of 1919.

Key Points

• The Government of India Act 1919, also known as the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms, was named after Edwin Montagu, the Secretary of State for India, and Lord Chelmsford, the Viceroy of India.
• This Act introduced a dual system of governance known as "Dyarchy" in the provinces.
• It expanded the legislative councils at both the central and provincial levels and introduced more Indian representatives.
• The reforms aimed to gradually introduce self-governing institutions to India and were a significant step towards increased Indian participation in governance.

Additional Information

• The Indian Councils Act of 1909: Also known as the Morley-Minto Reforms, this Act expanded the legislative councils and introduced separate electorates for Muslims, thus formalizing communal representation.
• The Indian Councils Act 1892: This Act increased the number of additional members in the central and provincial legislative councils and gave them the right to discuss the budget but not to vote on it.
• The Government of India Act of 1935: This Act proposed an All-India Federation and introduced provincial autonomy. It also provided for the establishment of a Federal Court and the Reserve Bank of India.