Which of the following Harappan trading ports is found in Afghanistan?

The correct answer is Shortugai.

Key Points

• Shortugai is an ancient Harappan trading port located in present-day Afghanistan.
• It served as a significant commercial center for the Indus Valley Civilization around 2000 BCE.
• Shortugai was strategically situated near lapis lazuli mines, allowing the Harappans to trade precious stones.
• The site has yielded artifacts typical of Harappan culture, including seals, beads, and pottery.

Additional Information

• Harappan Civilization
  • Also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, it flourished around 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE.
  • It is renowned for its advanced urban planning, architecture, and social organization.
  • Key sites include Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, and Dholavira.
  • The civilization is noted for its use of standardized weights and measures, and a script that remains undeciphered.
• Harappan Trade
  • Harappans engaged in extensive trade within the Indian subcontinent and with Mesopotamia and Egypt.
  • Key exports included cotton, beads, pottery, and precious stones.
  • They imported goods such as copper, tin, and luxury items.
• Archaeological Discoveries at Shortugai
  • Excavations have unearthed Harappan seals, pottery, and lapis lazuli.
  • The presence of these artifacts indicates a thriving trade network.
  • Shortugai provides evidence of the Harappan presence beyond the Indian subcontinent.
• Indus Script
  • The script consists of symbols and has been found on seals, pottery, and other artifacts.
  • Despite numerous attempts, the script has not been deciphered yet.
  • Understanding the script could provide deeper insights into the Harappan society and culture.