Which of the following statements is NOT correct with respect to the Himalayas?

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  1. These mountain ranges run in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra.
  2. The Himalayas, geologically young and structurally fold mountains, stretch over the northern borders of India.
  3. Their width varies from 400 km in Kashmir to 150 km in Arunachal Pradesh.
  4. They form an arc, which covers a distance of about 3,400 km.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : They form an arc, which covers a distance of about 3,400 km.
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

  • The Himalayas run in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra, forming the northern boundary of India.
  • These mountain ranges are geologically young and structurally fold mountains that stretch over the northern borders of India.
  • The width of the Himalayas varies significantly from about 400 km in Kashmir to about 150 km in Arunachal Pradesh.
  • While the Himalayas do form an arc, the correct distance covered is about 2,400 km, not 3,400 km.

Additional Information

  • Himalayan Formation: The Himalayas were formed as a result of the collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate, a process that began about 50 million years ago and continues today.
  • Geological Significance: The Himalayas are considered one of the youngest mountain ranges in the world and continue to rise as the Indian Plate pushes northward into the Eurasian Plate.
  • Climate Influence: The Himalayas have a profound effect on the climate of the Indian subcontinent, acting as a barrier to the cold winds from Central Asia and contributing to the monsoon system.
  • Biodiversity: The region is rich in biodiversity, hosting several unique ecosystems and a variety of flora and fauna, some of which are endemic to the area.
  • Cultural Significance: The Himalayas hold significant cultural and religious importance for several communities, including being home to numerous pilgrimage sites and ancient monasteries.
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