Which one of the following parts is injured if memory of a man weakens?

Concept:

• The brain is the central information processing organ of our body, and acts as the ‘command and control system’.
• It controls the voluntary movements, the balance of the body, the functioning of vital involuntary organs (e.g., lungs, heart, kidneys, etc.), thermoregulation, hunger and thirst, circadian (24-hour) rhythms of our body, activities of several endocrine glands and human behaviour.
• It is also the site for the processing of vision, hearing, speech, memory, intelligence, emotions, and thoughts.
• The brain can be divided into three major parts: (i) forebrain, (ii) midbrain, and (iii) hindbrain

1. The forebrain consists of the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus
2. The midbrain is located between the thalamus/hypothalamus of the forebrain and the pons of the hindbrain. A canal called the cerebral aqueduct passes through the midbrain. The dorsal portion of the midbrain consists mainly of four round swellings (lobes) called corpora quadrigemina
3. The hindbrain comprises pons, cerebellum, and medulla (also called the medulla oblongata)

Explanation:

• The cerebrum is a part of the forebrain.
• It has two parts called cerebral hemispheres.
• It forms the front, superior, and lateral sides of the brain.
• It is the largest part constituting 80% of the brain.
• The cerebrum in the human brain is the center of intelligence, memory, and emotions. It is the main thinking part of the brain.
• All our thoughts, sensations, actions, and movements are controlled by the cerebrum.
• It coordinates voluntary muscle movements and helps in maintaining posture and balance.
• Thus, if the memory of the person weakens it can be due to an injury of the cerebrum

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Additional Information

• The medulla contains centers that control respiration, cardiovascular reflexes, and gastric secretions.
• Cerebellum has a very convoluted surface in order to provide the additional space for many more neurons
• The hypothalamus lies at the base of the thalamus. The hypothalamus contains a number of centers that control body temperature, urge for eating and drink.
• It also contains several groups of neurosecretory cells, which secrete hormones called hypothalamic hormones.