Which one of the following processes of weathering belongs to both mechanical and chemical weathering? 

The correct answer is 'Crystallization'.

Key Points

• Crystallization:
  • Crystallization is a process that involves the formation of crystals from a solution or molten material.
  • In the context of weathering, crystallization can cause both mechanical and chemical weathering.
  • Mechanically, the growth of crystals within rock cracks can exert pressure and cause the rock to break apart.
  • Chemically, the process can alter the mineral composition of the rock, leading to its breakdown.

Additional Information

• Exfoliation:
  • Exfoliation is a mechanical weathering process where layers or sheets of rock are peeled away due to pressure release.
• Hydration:
  • Hydration is a chemical weathering process where minerals absorb water and expand, leading to rock disintegration.
• Carbonation:
  • Carbonation is a chemical weathering process where carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid, which then reacts with minerals in the rock.