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Home / IAS Preparation / Lake Sawa UPSC Notes

Lake Sawa Dried Up: Ramsar Site in Iraq Need Conservation | UPSC Notes

Last Updated on Feb 21, 2025
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One of the famous and prominent lakes of Iraq, Lake Sawa has dried up for the first time in its centuries-long history and locals believe that the reason behind it is the mismanagement by local investors, government neglect and climate change. The incident has raised some serious concerns among the policymakers and environmentalists on the negative impacts of climate change on the environment. Most of the nations have devised strategies and mechanisms to cope up with the issue of climate change. This incident is an eye opener for those who call climate change a hoax.

Read more about Important Lakes in India!

Syllabus

General Studies - I

Topics for Prelims

Lake, Wetland, Ramsar Sites, Stalactite, limestone

Topics for Mains

Physical Geography, Wetland Conservation, International Agreements 

About Lake Sawa

These are the following factual details about Lake Sawa:

Lake Sawa is a biodiverse wetland which is situated near the city of Samawa, south of the capital city of Baghdad. The lake Sawa has karst topography as well as it has been formed over limestone rock and studded with gypsum formations. It should be noted that it has no inlet or outlet. The source of Lake Sawa had mystified experts for centuries. Apart from that it has fuelled fantastical folklore and religious tales that locals recite as historical fact.

Read more about Eutrophication!

Historical Background and Links of Lake Sawa

The history of Lake Sawa is not new. The description of lake Sawa has appeared in some old Islamic texts. It is said the lake Sawa was miraculously formed on the day the Prophet Muhammad was born in 570 A.D. 

Lake Sawa was named a Ramsar site in 2014. The Ramsar site is awarded to a place or site which has an international designation for important wetlands, gaining recognition as a rare area in need of protection. 

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Why is Lake Sawa Famous?

Lake Sawa is famous for multiple reasons. As discussed above, it has historical significance. It is nestled in the heart of nature. If one talks about its picturesque beauty, then Lake Sawa never fails to create a long lasting impression among the tourists. It is a captivating destination that offers both serenity and adventure. Lake Sawa is surrounded by lush forests and hills. However due to lack of proper conservation efforts, this lake doesn’t get as much attention as it deserves.

Read more about Wetland Conservation and Management Rule 2017!

Flora and Fauna in Lake Sawa

Lake Sawa is renowned for its beautiful and diverse ecosystem. The clear blue waters reflect the sky, creating an amazing mirror effect that changes with change in season. In the spring season, the whole area around it bursts into life with wildflowers and greenery, while during the autumn season the landscape turns into a canvas of reds, oranges, and yellows. The lake Sawa is home to a variety of wildlife, birds, fish, and many small mammals. This makes it a great spot for environmentalists, nature enthusiasts and photographers.

Read more about National Wetland conservation Programme!

Lake Sawa is a heaven for adventure enthusiasts as it offers a range of outdoor activities. The hiking trails lead through dense forests and thus it offers some of the most spectacular vantage points overlooking the water. In summer, kayaking and canoeing are popular activities, allowing visitors to explore the lake’s tranquil waters up close.

Fishing is another favorite pastime at Lake Sawa. Anglers can cast their lines in search of local species, enjoying the peaceful environment as they wait for a bite. Picnic areas are scattered along the shore, providing perfect spots to relax and soak in the views after a day of exploration.

Wildlife and Conservation

Lake Sawa is a protected habitat, and authorities do not allow major construction in and around that area. Though there are still many gray areas where there is a need to put more effort for conservation. Efforts have been made in the past to preserve the natural landscape and its inhabitants which ensured that future generations would also enjoy this beautiful ancient lake which has spiritual and natural significance. Visitors/ Tourists are encouraged to respect the environment and ecology by following designated paths, minimizing noise and leaving no trace behind.

Apart from others, even Birdwatchers will find Lake Sawa particularly rewarding. The majestic diverse range of habitats supports numerous migratory as well as resident bird species. The early morning is the best time to witness the activities of respective avians, as the lake comes alive with the sounds of chirping and flapping wings.

Read more about Wildlife Protection Act, 1972!

Cultural Significance of Lake Sawa

Lake Sawa is very significant for the local community. The description of this lake in the folklore and traditions of these communities shows its importance. Local stories and customs speak of its origins, intertwined with the history and beliefs of the people who have lived in the area for generations. This cultural connection adds depth to the experience of visiting the lake, allowing guests to appreciate not just its natural beauty, but also its place in the community’s heritage.

Conclusion

For travel enthusiasts, adventurers who are looking for adventure, relaxation, or a rich and deeper connection with nature, Lake Sawa is a destination that caters to all. The stunning landscapes, scope of water sports activities, and rich historical and cultural significance make it a must-visit location for those who want to escape the hustle and bustle of daily life. Since it is a Ramsar site, its conservation should be the top priority for authorities and adequate efforts need to be made for its conservation.


 

Key Takeaways for UPSC Aspirant

  • Ramsar Sites: These sites are basically wetlands of international importance that are designated under the landmark Ramsar Convention which is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands.
  • Wetlands: These are the areas of land which are saturated or covered by water, either permanently or seasonally.
  • Lake: Lake can be either naturally formed or even man-made. It is either a freshwater lake or salt water lake.
  • BirdLife International: This is a global partnership of organizations working for conservation of birds and their habitats.
  • Climate Change: This refers to the long term change in weather patterns and temperature.

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Lake Sawa UPSC FAQs

There are 85 such sites in India.

There are two such sites viz. Keoladeo National Park and Loktak Lake.

Chilika lake is the largest saltwater lake in India.

The United Kingdom has the highest number of Ramsar sites.

Tamil Nadu.
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