Central Government MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Central Government - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is ​G.L. Nanda.

Key Points

• Gulzarilal Nanda was an Indian politician and an economist specialized in labour problems. 
  • He was the Acting Prime Minister of India for two short periods.
  • He served as acting Prime minister during the death of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1964 and Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1966.
  • Thus, he was the interim Prime Minister of India twice for thirteen days each.
  • He was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in the year 1997.
  • He died on 15 January 1998 at the age of 99 years.

The Correct Answer is ​President.
Key Points 

Powers of President

• Under Article 85(2) of the Constitution, the President may from time to time prorogue Houses or either House of Parliament.
• Termination of a session of the House by an order by the President under the above constitutional provision is called ‘prorogation’.
• Prorogation terminates both the sitting and session of the House.
• Usually, within a few days after the House is adjourned sine die by the presiding officer, the President issues a notification for the prorogation of the session.
• However, the President can also prorogue the House while in session.

Additional Information

Difference between ‘Adjournment’, ‘Prorogation’, and ‘Dissolution

• An adjournment suspends the work in a sitting for a specified time.
• The time may be hours, days, or weeks. 
• In this case, the time of reassembly is specified.

Adjournment Sine Die

• Adjournment sine die terminates a sitting of Parliament for an indefinite period. 
• When the House is adjourned without naming a day for reassembly, it is called adjournment sine die.

Prorogation

• Prorogation means the termination of a session of the House by an order made by the President.
• Usually, within a few days after the House is adjourned sine die by the presiding officer, the President issues a notification for the prorogation of the session.

Dissolution

• A dissolution ends the very life of the existing House, and a new House is constituted after general elections are held.

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• Article 75 deals with the appointment of the Council of Ministers by the President of India.
• Council of ministers aid and advise the President in the exercise of his/her functions.
• It represents the highest executive body in the Indian polity.
• It is also called the Cabinet, where most executive decisions are made.

Additional Information

• Article 74 tells about constitution of Council of Ministers.
• Article 75 talks about other provisions(like appointment, collective responsibility to Lok Sabha, six months time for becoming MP etc.) related to the Council of Ministers.

The correct answer is The President.

• Article 108 of the Constitution lays the rule for calling of joint sitting of both the Houses of the Parliament.

Key Points

• This Joint sitting is summoned by the President in which the speaker presides over the session and in absence of the speaker and deputy speaker takes charge.
• If the Deputy Speaker is also not available then the Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha takes over this.
• The rule to hold a joint sitting is that one-tenth of the total number of members of both the houses should be present.
• This situation of joint sitting arises if both the houses of the Parliament are unsuccessful in passing any bill and a situation of deadlock occurs.
• To break this deadlock, the President calls the joint sitting.
• It happens in the case when one house has passed the bill and the other one has rejected, both the houses cannot come on a common page on the amendments to be made to the bill or more than six months time has been elapsed since the bill has been received by the other house and is still not passed.
• In the case of a money bill and a Constitutional Amendment Bill, joint sitting cannot be called. 

Additional Information

• Speaker of Lok Sabha:- Speaker presides over the sessions of the Lok Sabha and conducts the business of the House. 
  • He also maintains the discipline and decorum of the House and can also punish MPs who obstruct it. 
• The prime Minister:- According to the Indian Constitution, the Prime Minister is the head of the Council of Ministers of Government and the Chief Advisor to the President. 
• Chairman of Rajya Sabha:- The Vice President of India is Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, who presides over its sessions.

The correct answer is Article 249.

Key Points

• According to article 249, the Rajya Sabha has the power to declare that the Parliament has the power to make laws with respect to any matter listed in the State List in the national interest.
• Union Parliament can legislate on any item in the State List in the national interest if the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution to that effect by not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting.
• Article 249 empowers the parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the
  State List in the national interest.
• A resolution passed shall remain in force for such period not exceeding one year as may be specified therein.

Additional Information

• Legislative Functions of Parliament:
  • The Parliament legislates on all matters mentioned in the Union List and the Concurrent List.
  • In the case of the Concurrent List, where the state legislatures and the Parliament have joint jurisdiction, the union law will prevail over the states unless the state law had received the earlier presidential assent.
  • However, the Parliament can any time, enact a law adding to, amending, varying, or repealing a law made by a state legislature.
  • The Parliament can also pass laws on items in the State List under the following circumstances:
  • If an Emergency is in operation, or any state is placed under President's Rule (Article 356), the Parliament can enact laws on items in the State List as well.
  • As per Article 253, it can pass laws on the State List items if it is required for the implementation of international agreements or treaties with foreign powers.
  • According to Article 252, if the legislatures of two or more states pass a resolution to the effect that it is desirable to have a parliamentary law on any item listed in the State List, the Parliament can make laws for those states.
• Executive Functions (Control over the Executive):
  • In the parliamentary form of government, the executive is responsible to the legislature.
  • Hence, the Parliament exercises control over the executive by several measures.
  • By a vote of no-confidence, the Parliament can remove the Cabinet
    (Executive) out of power.
  • It can reject a budget proposal or any other bill brought by the Cabinet.
  • A motion of no-confidence is passed to remove a government from office.
  • The MPs (Members of Parliament) can ask questions to the ministers on their ommissions and commissions.
  • Any lapses on the part of the government can be exposed in the Parliament.
  • Adjournment Motion:
    • Allowed only in the Lok Sabha, the chief objective of the adjournment motion is to draw the attention of the Parliament to any recent issue of urgent public interest.
    • It is considered an extraordinary tool in Parliament as normal business is affected.

• Rule 193 (of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha) does not involve a formal motion before the Parliament House, hence no voting can take place after the discussion on matters under this rule.
• Rule 184 allows voting but rule 193 doesn't.
• Lok Sabha is the lower house of the Parliament, while Rajya Sabha is the upper house.

The correct answer is Lal Bahadur Shastri.

Key Points

• Lal Bahadur Shastri was the second Prime minister in India.
  • He served as the Prime minister of India from 1964 to 1966.
  • He was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-Pak war in 1965.
  • His birthday also falls on 2^nd October along with Mahatma Gandhi's birthday.
  • The famous slogan "Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan" was raised by Lal Bahadur Shastri.
  • He signed on Tashkent Declaration along with the then-President of Pakistan Muhammad Ayub Khan on 10^th January 1966.
  • He is the first prime minister to die abroad.
  • He was honoured with the Bharat Ratna in 1966.
  • He was the first person to receive Bharat Ratna posthumously.
  • The resting place of Lal Bahadur Shastri is called Vijayghat.

Additional Information

• Jawaharlal Nehru was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-China war in 1962.
• Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-Pak war in 1971.
• Rajiv Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India when the Bhopal gas tragedy took place in 1984.

The correct answer is the Quasi-Judicial Procedure.

Important Points

• The procedure of Impeachment of the President of India is the Quasi-Judicial Procedure.
• The procedure begins with the introduction of a bill in either house of Parliament.
• The only condition for the initiation of the impeachment of the Indian president is the ‘violation of the constitution.
• None of the presidents of India has faced impeachment so far.
• A quasi-judicial body is an organ of Government other than a Court or Legislature, which affects the rights of private parties either through adjudication or rulemaking”.
• It is not mandatory that a Quasi-Judicial Body has to necessarily be an organization resembling a Court of Law.
  • For example, the Election Commission of India is also a Quasi-Judicial Body but does not have its core functions as a Court of Law.
• Some examples of Quasi-Judicial Bodies in India are the Election Commission of India, the National Green Tribunal, and the Central Information Commission (CIC).

Key Points

• Process of Impeachment of the President of India:
  • When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.
  • For the motion to be valid, it must be signed by at least one-fourth of the total members of the house where it is introduced
  • In the case of the Lok Sabha, this means that the motion must be signed by at least one-fourth of the total Lok Sabha members.
  • A 14-day notice is given to the President of India.
  • Then, Lok Sabha passes the impeachment charges with a two-thirds majority and sends it to Rajya Sabha.
  • Then, the Rajya Sabha investigates the charges.
  • While Rajya Sabha is investigating the charges, the President has the right to sit in the proceedings.
  • Rajya Sabha agrees to the charges and passes it with a two-thirds majority and the President is removed.

The correct answer is a simple majority of its members.

• Parliament can Amend the provision on the official language of India under the Constitution by a simple majority of its members.

Key Points

• Eighth Schedule and related Constitutional Provisions​
• Part XVII of the Indian constitution deals with the official languages in Articles 343 to​​ 351.
• The Constitutional provisions related to the Eighth Schedule are:
  • Article 344: Article 344(1) provides for the constitution of a Commission by the President on the expiration of five years from the commencement of the Constitution.
  • Article 351: It provides for the spread of the Hindi language to develop it so that it may serve as a medium of expression for all the elements of the composite culture of India.
• Hence option 1 is correct.

Additional Information 22 Official Languages

• The Eighth Schedule to the Constitution consists of the following 22 languages:
• Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada,  Kashmiri,  Konkani, Malayalam, Manipuri,  Marathi,  Nepali,  Oriya,  Punjabi,  Sanskrit,  Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Bodo, Santhali, Maithili, and  Dogri.
• Of these languages, 14 were initially included in the Constitution.
  • The Sindhi language was added by the 21st Amendment Act of 1967.
  • Konkani, Manipuri, and Nepali were included by the 71st Amendment Act of 1992.
  • Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali were added by the 92nd Amendment Act of 2003.

The correct answer is Article 85.

Key Points

• Article 79 to Article 122 in Part V of the constitution deals with the procedures, and powers, of the Parliament.
• Article 85 deals with sessions of Parliament, its prorogation, and dissolution.
• Sessions of the Parliament:
  • ​Summoning: President summons both houses and usually there are three sessions in a year though not compulsory
    • Budget session: February to May
    • Monsoon session: July to September
    • Winter session: November to December
    • The maximum gap between two sessions should not be more than 6 months.
  • Adjournment: Suspends the work for a specific time in a sitting which may be for hours, days or weeks.
  • Adjournment Sine Die: Terminates the sitting of Parliament for an indefinite period.
  • Prorogation: President may not only terminates a session but also a session of the House. It does not affect the bills or any other business pending before the house.
  • Dissolution: Irrevocable process and only Lok Sabha is subjected to it. President decides to dissolve the house.

Additional Information

The Correct Answer is Article 56.

Key Points

• Article 52 to 78 in Part V of the Constitution deal with the Union Executive. The union executive consists of the president, the vice president, the prime minister, the council of ministers, and the Attorney General of India.
• The president (article 52) is the head of the Indian state. He is head of all  Supreme Commander of all the armed forces.
• He is the first citizen of the country and acts as the symbol of the integrity and solidarity of the nation.
• Article 38-State to secure a social order for the promotion of the welfare of the people.
• Article 36- Definition of State which is given in Article 12
• Article 56 -Term of office of President. (5 Years)

Important Points 

• Articles Related to President of India:

The correct answer is Vice President of India.

• The Vice President of India is the second-highest position in India.
  • Article 63 of the Indian Constitution states that there shall be a Vice President of India.
  • The Vice President is elected by an Electoral College of India.
  • The term of Vice President is 5 years.
  • The powers and functions of the Vice President of India are similar to that of the Vice President of America.
  • The Vice President of India is the Ex-Office Chairman of Rajya Sabha.
  • Current Vice President of India: Jagdeep Dhankhar
• Current Opposition Leader in Rajya Sabha: Mallikarjun Kharge
• Current Speaker of Lok Sabha: Om Birla (As of Mar. 2024)
• Current Prime Minister of India: Narendra Damodardas Modi (As of Mar. 2024)

The Correct Answer is Article 61.

Key Points

• Procedure for impeachment of the President: 
  • When a President is impeached for violating the Constitution, either House of Parliament must support the charge. No such charge shall be preferred until it is accepted by not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House.
  • When either House of Parliament prefers an accusation, the other House investigates or causes the charge to be investigated, with the President having the right to appear and be served during the investigation.
  • If a resolution is passed as a result of the investigation, with not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House from which the charge was investigated or caused to be investigated, declaring that the charge preferred against the President has been sustained, such resolution would have the effect of excluding the President from office as of the date on which the resolution is passed.

Additional Information

• On December 28, 1948, the Constituent Assembly debated Draft Article 50 (Article 61 of the Indian Constitution).
• The process for removing the President of India from office was outlined in the Draft Article.

Important Points

The correct answer is Article 60.​Key Points

• Article 60: Oath or affirmation by the president.
• The Oath or affirmation is given to the President by the Chief Justice of India and in his absence by the Senior-most judge of the Supreme Court.
• Oath or Affirmation by the President:- Before entering his office, the President has to make and subscribe to an oath or affirmation. In his oath, the President swears:
  • To faithfully execute the office.
  • To preserve, protect and defend the Constitution and law.
  • To devote himself to the service and well-being of the people of India.

Additional Information

• Important articles related to President:

The correct answer is Article 72. 

• Article 72 of the Indian Constitution gives the President the power of pardoning.

Key Points

• Pardon: means completely absolving the person of the crime and letting him go free.
• Under Article 72, the President of India can grant a pardon or reduce the sentence of a convicted person, particularly in cases involving capital punishment.
• There are five different types of pardoning that are mandated by law: Pardon, Commutation, Reprieve, Respite, and Remission.

Additional Information

• Article 73: The extent of the executive power of the Union.
• Article 74: This article provides for a Council of Ministers which shall aid the President in the exercise of his functions. 
• Article 76: Article 76 deals with the Attorney General of India.
• Article 77: Conduct of business of the Government of India.