MSP and Agriculture Reforms MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for MSP and Agriculture Reforms - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Oilseeds.

Key Points 

• Yellow Revolution in India is associated with oilseeds.
• It is the sudden increase in edible oil production because of the plantation of hybrid oil seeds such as sesame, mustard, etc.
• The Father of the yellow revolution is Sam Pitroda.

The correct answer is Only I and IIKey Points

•  The Green Revolution started in the 1960s
  • It is  an effort to increase agricultural production
    • using industrial agriculture technologies like hybrid seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation.
  • The first phase of the green revolution took place during the period ranging from the mid-1960s up to the mid-1970s.
  • During the first phase, the use of HYV seeds was restricted to the more affluent states like Punjab, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. 
  • During the second phase of the green revolution (the mid-1970s to mid-1980s),
    • the HYV technology spread to a larger number of states and benefitted more variety of crops.
  • The adoption of green revolution technology enabled India to achieve self-sufficiency in the production of food grains.
  • Hence Statements 1 and 2  are  correct
• The Green Revolution focused on technological advancements in crop production, it did not specifically emphasize extensive use of cattle.
  • Instead, it primarily centered around seed varieties, fertilizers, and irrigation methods 
  • Hence Statement 3 is incorrect

The correct answer is High Yielding Variety of Seeds.

Key Points

• Green Revolution
  • ​It is referred to as a period when Indian agriculture was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technologies.
  • It included the use of products like High-Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers which were either not used earlier or used on a very limited scale. 
  • The Indian Green Revolution was the brainchild of M.S. Swaminathan.
  • M.S. Swaminathan is known as the Father of the Green Revolution in India.

Additional Information

• List of all the important Revolutions in India

The Correct answer is North east

Key Points

• Jhum cultivation, also known as shifting cultivation, is widely practiced in the North East region of India, especially in states like Assam, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura, and Arunachal Pradesh.
• This practice involves clearing a patch of forest land, cultivating crops for a few years, and then shifting to a new area to allow the land to regenerate.
• It is traditionally done by the indigenous tribes, who rely on this method for subsistence agriculture.
• The hilly terrain and dense forests of the North East are ideal for this method of farming.
• However, the practice has faced criticism for leading to soil degradation and deforestation when done excessively without proper land management.

 Additional Information

• South West
  • The South West region of India is characterized by the practice of wet rice cultivation rather than Jhum cultivation.
  • This region includes states like Kerala and Karnataka, where farming is based on irrigation and the cultivation of crops like rice, coconut, and rubber.
• South East
  • In the South East region, agriculture is more reliant on irrigation and is not as dependent on shifting cultivation as in the North East.
  • This region includes parts of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, where crops like cotton, groundnut, and tobacco are grown.
• North West
  • The North West region includes states like Rajasthan and Punjab, where desert farming and canal irrigation systems play a major role, unlike Jhum cultivation.
  • The area is known for wheat, cotton, and mustard cultivation, with large-scale irrigation projects like the Indira Gandhi Canal in Rajasthan.

The correct answer is 22.

Key Points

• The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) recommends the Minimum Support Price (MSP) for 22 crops (excluding sugarcane).
• The 22 crops include 14 kharif crops (e.g., paddy, maize, cotton, etc.) and 6 rabi crops (e.g., wheat, barley, gram, etc.), along with 2 commercial crops (copra and raw jute).
• Sugarcane is not included in the 22 crops under MSP but is covered under the Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP), which is recommended separately by the CACP.
• The government announces MSPs every year before the sowing seasons to ensure farmers are protected from price fluctuations in the market.
• MSP is a crucial tool for ensuring food security and income stability for farmers in India.

Additional Information

• What is MSP?
  • The Minimum Support Price (MSP) is the price at which the government purchases crops from farmers, ensuring a minimum profit margin.
  • It acts as a safety net for farmers against market price fluctuations.
• Role of CACP
  • The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), established in 1965, is an advisory body under the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare.
  • It considers several factors, such as cost of production, demand-supply dynamics, and market trends, while recommending MSPs.
• Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP)
  • FRP applies specifically to sugarcane and is recommended by the CACP to ensure fair returns to farmers based on recovery rates and production costs.
  • Unlike MSP, sugar mills are legally obligated to pay farmers the FRP for their produce.
• Importance of MSP
  • MSP prevents farmers from distress sales during periods of low market prices.
  • It promotes agricultural diversification and ensures stability in the agricultural economy.
• Challenges in MSP Implementation
  • Many farmers are unaware of MSP benefits, and procurement is often limited to certain states and crops.
  • There is a need for robust infrastructure and increased coverage to ensure equitable benefits across regions.

The correct answer is Horticulture and Honey.

Key Points

• The Golden Revolution is related to Horticulture and Honey.
• It started in 1991 and lasted till 2003.
• Father of Golden Revolution: Nirpakh Tutaj.
• The Golden Fibre Revolution is related to Jute Production.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 65%

Key Points

• The expected returns to farmers by way of MSP (Minimum Support Price) over their cost of production for barley for marketing season 2021–22 is estimated at 65%.
• Minimum Support Price:
  • Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to insure agricultural producers against any sharp fall in farm prices.
  • The minimum support prices are announced by the Government of India at the beginning of the sowing season for certain crops.
  • The MSP is decided on the basis of the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP).
  • Government announces minimum support prices (MSPs) for 22 mandated crops and fair and remunerative prices (FRP) for sugarcane.
  • The list of crops is as follows:
    • Cereals (7) - paddy, wheat, barley, jowar, bajra, maize, and ragi.
    • Pulses (5) - gram, arhar/tur, moong, urad, and lentil.
    • Oilseeds (8) - groundnut, rapeseed/mustard, toria, soybean, sunflower seed, sesamum, safflower seed, and nigerseed.
    • Raw cotton.
    • Raw jute.
  • MSP guaranteed prices to save farmers from distress sales.
  • The MSP is announced at the beginning of the sowing season for certain crops on the basis of the recommendation of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP, 1985).
  • The MSPs are fixed for the following purposes:
  • To invest more by farmers in the farm sector.
  • To motivate farmers to adopt improved farm technologies.
  • To increase production and overall farmers' income.

The correct answer is Mission to increase the performance of the dairy sector.

 Additional Information

• "Operation Flood" is a mission to increase the performance of the dairy sector.
• Operation Flood was launched in 1970 by National Dairy Development Board during the time of the Fourth Five Year Plan.
• Operation flood was the world's biggest dairy development program which gave a major thrust to the milk production of the nation.
• It aimed at helping the dairy industry sustain itself economically while providing employment to poor farmers.
• The result was that India became the largest producer of Milk and Milk Products.
• White Revolution contributed to a large extent to alleviate poverty in India.
• Gujarat-based co-operation “Anand Milk Union Limited” (Amul) was the engine behind the success of the programme.
• Operation Flood is called the White Revolution in India.
• The programme to increase the production of milk is called White Revolution.
• Indian Dairy Association decided to observe the birthday of Verghese Kurien as National Milk Day.
• 'Unfinished Dream' is a book written by Verghese Kurien.

Important Points

• Father of White Revolution in India - Verghese Kurien.
• Milkman of India - Verghese Kurien.
• National Milk Day - November 26.
• National Dairy Development Board - Anand (Gujarat).
• National Dairy Research Institute - Karnal (Haryana).
• The largest producer of Milk and Milk Products in the World - India.

The correct answer is Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP).

Key Points

• The Minimum Support Price of the agricultural crops in India is fixed by the government on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices.
• It is an agricultural product price set by the Government of India to purchase directly from the farmer.
• The Indian government sets the price for 23 commodities twice a year. 
• Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices is a decentralized agency of the Government of India.
  • It was established in 1965 as the Agricultural Prices Commission and was given its present name in 1985.
  • It is a statutory body attached to the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Government of India.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices.Important Points 

• Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices recommends the minimum support prices (MSP) and issue prices for paddy and wheat
  • It was formed in January 1965.
  • It is a joint office of the ministry of agriculture & farmers welfare.
  • It raises productivity and overall grain production in line with the emerging demand patterns in the country.
  • It recommends MSPs of 23 commodities, namely;
    • 7 oilseeds including groundnut, rapeseed-mustard, soyabean, sesamum, sunflower, safflower, and nigerseed.
    • 7 cereals including paddy, wheat, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, barley, and ragi.
    • 5 pulses including gram, tur, moong, urad, and lentil.
    • 4 commercial crops including copra, sugarcane, cotton, and raw jute.
• Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices is responsible for submitting its recommendations to the government in the form of price policy reports every year.

Additional Information

• NABARD stands for National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development 
  • NABARD is an apex bank for agriculture development in India.
  • It was set up in 1982 during the sixth five-year plan.
  • It was established on the recommendation of the Shivaraman committee.
• NITI Aayog stands for National Institution for Transforming India.
  • It was formed on 1^st​ January 2015 by replacing the planning commission of India.
  • The chairman of the NITI Aayog is the Prime minister of India.

The correct answer is High Yielding Variety.

Key Points

• The Green Revolution started in 1965 with the first introduction of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds in Indian agriculture.
• In 1965, the government with the help of Indian geneticists M.S. Swaminathan, known as the father of the Green Revolution, launched the Green Revolution.
  • The movement lasted from 1967 to 1978 and was a great success.
• This was coupled with better and efficient irrigation and the correct use of fertilizers to boost the crop.
  • The result of the Green Revolution was to make India self-sufficient when it came to food grains.
• These HYV seeds had more success with the wheat crop and were highly effective in regions that had proper irrigation.

Additional Information

Other Revolutions:

The correct answer is High Yielding Variety of Seeds.

Key Points

• Green Revolution
  • ​It is referred to as a period when Indian agriculture was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technologies.
  • It included the use of products like High-Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers which were either not used earlier or used on a very limited scale. 
  • The Indian Green Revolution was the brainchild of M.S. Swaminathan.
  • M.S. Swaminathan is known as the Father of the Green Revolution in India.

Additional Information

• List of all the important Revolutions in India

The correct answer is Horticulture and Honey.

Key Points

• The Golden Revolution is related to Horticulture and Honey.
• It started in 1991 and lasted till 2003.
• Father of Golden Revolution: Nirpakh Tutaj.
• The Golden Fibre Revolution is related to Jute Production.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Oilseeds.

Key Points 

• Yellow Revolution in India is associated with oilseeds.
• It is the sudden increase in edible oil production because of the plantation of hybrid oil seeds such as sesame, mustard, etc.
• The Father of the yellow revolution is Sam Pitroda.

The correct answer is Wheat.

• The Minimum Support Price (MSP) for Wheat crops was increased by ₹50 per quintal over the previous year, in the marketing season 2021-22.
• The highest absolute increase in MSP over the previous year has been recommended for sesamum (Rs. 452 per quintal) followed by tur and urad (Rs. 300 per quintal each).
• In case of groundnut and nigerseed, there has been an increase of Rs 275 per quintal and Rs 235 per quintal respectively in comparison to last year.

Additional Information

• ​MSP is a “minimum price” for any crop that the government considers as remunerative for farmers and hence deserving of “support”.
  • It is also the price that government agencies pay whenever they procure a particular crop.
• MSP for 2022-23
  • The highest absolute increase in MSP over the previous year has been recommended for Lentil (Masur) and Rapeseed & Mustard (Rs.400 per quintal each) followed by gram (Rs.130 per quintal).
  • In the case of safflower, there has been an increase of Rs.114 per quintal, in comparison to last year.