Approaches to Leadership MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Approaches to Leadership - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

Therefore, the correct match is A - III, B - I, C - IV, and D - II.

The skill of inspiring a group of individuals to take action in pursuit of a common objective is known as leadership. Decisiveness, determination, interpersonal and organizational aptitude, loyalty self-efficacy, and self-discipline are considered, some of the attributes of effective leaders.

Key PointsThe skill of leadership is as follows:-

• High communication: It is very important for a leader to have a clear idea about what she wants to say and how to say it. Good communication is needed for understanding, cooperation, and unified action.
• High relationship skill:- It is very important for a leader to have a good relationship with his followers.
• High work-organization skill:- It is very important for a leader to organize the work. The work assigned to the subordinate must be defined and
  should be recorded because clear-cut directions leader enables the subordinates to function properly.
• Cooperation and Coordination: As a part of effective leadership, cooperation and coordination among the leaders and the subordinate employees are essential. If the leader keeps the group informed,  the subordinates feel satisfied, and also the group will cooperate with the leader.

The correct answer is Both statements I and II are correct.

• a shared set of basic principles among all employees that is alive and well. A culture that is shaped by unambiguous norms that serve as a foundation and guiding principles for activity, decision-making, and a feeling of value.
• Values are suggested, discussed, and defined by the management in a value-based organisation while taking human involvement and ethical values into account. People's perspectives on the ideals of organisations are therefore very similar, and success may be attained with ease.

Hence the correct answer is  Both statements I and II are correct.

The correct option Higher social status

Key Points Transactional Analysis 

• Founded by Eric Berne during the 1960s
• It is a psychometric theory and method of therapy wherein social interactions are analyzed to determine the ego state of the communicator

Important Points They're mainly focusing on three ego states that are

1. Child ego
2. parent ego
3. Adult ego

• The child represents brain recordings of internal events that are directly linked to the external events
• Parent ego where the recording of external events observed and experienced by the child from birth to the proximity of five of life.
• The adult's final ego state is the period in which the child develops the capacity to perceive and understand the situation that is different from what he has observed

Hence the correct answer is Higher social status.

Leadership is the quality of the behavior of individuals whereby they guide people or their activities in an organized effort.

Leadership refers to the process of encouraging and influencing people to direct their efforts towards the achievement of some particular goals. Leadership style is the pattern of behavior that a leader exhibits, in influencing his/her subordinates towards the goals of an organization.

Cultural Lag:

• The term was first coined in William F. Ogburn's 1922 work Social Change with Respect to Culture and Original Nature.
• The difference between material culture and non-material culture is known as cultural lag. The term cultural lag refers to the notion that culture takes time to catch up with technological innovations, and the resulting social problems that are caused by this lag.
• In other words, cultural lag occurs whenever there is an unequal rate of change between different parts of culture causing a gap between material and non-material culture. Subsequently, cultural lag does not only apply to this idea only, but also relates to theory and explanation. It helps by identifying and explaining social problems to predict future problems in society. 
• Cultural lag creates problems for a society in a multitude of ways. The issue of cultural lag tends to permeate any discussion in which the implementation of some new technology is a topic.
• For example, the introduction of mobile phones has been done years ago, but in the question given above it says that the population took a long time to accept the change. This is because of the difference in the material and Non-material culture.

Note:

Material culture is a term used by sociologists that refers to all physical objects that humans create that give meaning or define a culture. These are physical things that can be touched, feel, taste, or observe with a sense. Material culture changes rapidly and changes depending where in the world somebody is. The environment may present different challenges in different parts of the world that is why material culture is so different everywhere.

Non-material culture is a term used by sociologists that refers to non-physical things such as ideas, values, beliefs, and rules that shape a culture. Non-Material culture tends to lag behind material culture due to the fact that it is easier to create a physical object that people will use than it is to create a system of beliefs or ideals that people will use and follow. Non-material culture tends to be very different wherever in the world someone is. This is because people from different backgrounds and areas in the world were raised on different ideals and beliefs that help shape society and culture.

A leader is everyone who exerts a positive influence on the life of others whether a team member or head of a department of a particular organization. It is a person who can solve problems creatively.

• A good leader should be kept in his mind his duties that will motivate the group.
• A leader should be an effective motivator. He should understand the needs of people and motivate them by satisfying their needs. If the leader keeps his duties in his mind then it will automatically motivate the other fellow members. As they will understand that leadership is so passionate or hardworking to his work. Then, this will influence other fellow members.

Key Points

 Qualities of a good leader:- Leaders act to help people with the maximum application of their capabilities.

• A good leader should have the required knowledge and competence. Only such a person can instruct subordinates correctly and influence them.
•  A leader should possess a high level of integrity and honesty. He should be a role model to others regarding ethics and values.
• A leader should be a good communicator. He should have the capacity to clearly explain his ideas and make the people understand his ideas. He should be not only a good speaker but a good listener, teacher, counselor, and persuader.
• A leader should have courage and initiative. He should not wait for opportunities come to his way, rather he should grab the opportunity and use it to the advantage of the organization.
• A leader should have a high level of self-confidence. He should not lose his confidence even in the most difficult times. 
• A leader should be decisive in managing the work. Once he is convinced about a fact, he should be firm and should not change opinions frequently.

Hint

• Hurt the group:- A leader can never hurt the group.
• Appreciate only by a fraction of the group:- A leader does not want appreciation for his work by his fellow members. 
• Promote his goodwill in the group:- A leader never does his work for his goodwill.

Hence, we can conclude that a good leader should be kept in his mind about his duties that these will motivate the group.

Definition of a Group:

• A collection of individuals who are in an interdependent relationship with one another, sharing common norms of behavior and attitude

According to Cartwright and Zander (1968), the basic assumptions about a group are:

• The groups are inevitable (even the hermits / Sanyasis and the Hippies),
• That groups mobilize powerful forces that produce effects of utmost importance to individuals,
• That groups can produce constructive as well as destructive consequences and
• That it is the correct understanding of group dynamics based on empirical studies that help in enhancing the constructive aspects of group life and group achievements.

There are many members in a group and their views and thinking may be different, the objective of a leader is to find a solution to the problem. For this, a leader will be treated as a judge because there should be some rules and regulations of a group and a leader is the only person whose responsibility is to run a group or organization successfully.

So, When a conflict crept out in a group, the leader attempts to pacify it as a Judge.

The chief aim of organizing N.C.C. and N.S.S. programs in colleges is leadership training. Today's student is the leader of tomorrow. Educational institutes are nation builders. They have the future of a country. Various activities like sports, quizzes, N.C.C, N.S.S., and other youth games can be considered as leadership training programs. However, social welfare and physical development are the factors that comes under the leadership training.

OTHER OBJECTIVES OF NSS AND NCC:

• The main objective of the National Service Scheme is to help the students to teach a democratic attitude along with the confidence to lead
• The Scheme aims to make the students learn about the importance of sharing responsibilities and creating an attitude that boosts the idea of living together.
• Their purpose is to ensure that obligations such as social and civic responsibilities are also developed in the students need to learn and have an understanding of the part they play in society Organizational skills play a vital role too, and hence, this scheme has an aim to focus on them This Scheme will help the students to teach the strength to handle emergency or challenging situations with calm.
• It aims to develop practical knowledge and skills in the students so that they can face and find a solution to any hurdle or difficulty in their life
• The expertise and the in-depth analysis of the environment they work and live in.
• To develop a sense of responsibility and pointing out the problems faced by society, The Scheme also aims to help the children in practicing social harmony

Objectives of the NCC are

• Reach out to the maximum youths through various institutions.
• Make NCC an important part of society.
• Teach positive thinking and attitude to the youths.
• Become the main source of National Integration by making NCC one of the greatest cohesive forces of our nation irrespective of any caste, creed, religion or region.
• Mold the youth of the entire country into a united, secular, and disciplined citizens of the nation.
• Provide an ideal platform for the youth to showcase their potential in nation building.
• Instill spirit of secularism and united India by organizing National Integration Camps all over the country.
• Reach out to the youths of friendly foreign countries through Youth Exchange Programs.