Water Conservation MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Water Conservation - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

​Watershed Management:

• Watershed Management is a process that aims to protect and conserve water resources in a specific area.
• It involves taking care of both groundwater (water found underground) and surface water (water found in lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water).
• The main goal of watershed management is to ensure that there is enough clean water for various needs like drinking, farming, and supporting nature.
• It requires careful planning and implementation of strategies to prevent water pollution, manage water usage, and preserve the overall health of the watershed.
• Watershed management is not something that can be done by individuals alone; it requires the collective effort of communities, government organizations, and other stakeholders.
• To carry out watershed management activities, funds are required.
• These funds are used for planning, implementing projects, and monitoring the progress of conservation efforts.
• In order to have a systematic approach to watershed management, a policy or set of guidelines is needed.
• This policy helps in framing rules and regulations for the conservation of water resources in the watershed.
• By practising watershed management, we can ensure that our water sources remain healthy, clean, and sustainable for the present and future generations to come.

Thus, 

A. Conservation of groundwater and surface water: True

B. Can be handled at an individual level: False

C. Allocation of funds is needed to plan: True

D. Framing of watershed policy for conserving water: True

The correct answer is Stepwell.

Key Points Baoli:

• Baolis are stepwells, which are wells or ponds in which the people reach the water by going down a set of steps.
• Baolis were a traditional means of storing water in the drier parts of India.
• Separate baolis were constructed for drinking and bathing purposes.
• Most baolis were designed only for the purpose of water storage.
• They were often constructed close to mosques and temples.
• The architectural form of baoli mainly consists of three elements:
  • the well in which the water is collected,
  • the flight of steps to reach the ground water through several stories, and
  • intermediate pavilions

Hence, the correct answer is Stepwell.

Concept:

• Rajasthan is a hot and dry place.
• The availability of water resources varies over space and time, mainly due to the variations in seasonal and annual precipitation.
• Due to seasonal and very little rainfall in Rajasthan rainwater harvesting is done on rooftops and with the help of other rainwater harvesting structures.
• Most of the water that we get as rainfall just flows away.
• This is a waste of precious natural resources.
• The rainwater can be used to recharge the groundwater.
• This is referred to as water harvesting or rainwater harvesting.

Explanation:

Bawri:

• Bawri's are deep step wells built into the ground.
• It was the traditional way of rainwater harvesting structure in Rajasthan.
• When it rains, the water accumulates in the tank.
• They are built deep into the ground so that the water does not evaporate easily and can be used during water shortages.
• It has several steps in it.
• The steps go down several storeys deep.
• Instead of drawing the water up from the well, the people could go down the steps and reach the water.
• That is why they are called stepwells. 
• They are used as a source of water for the whole community. 
• Stored water in theses stepwell can be used for multiple purposes like drinking, washing bathing and much more. 

​​Thus, the incorrect statement is the water in stepwells cannot be used for drinking.

Key Points

• King Ghadsi of Jaisalmer got it made 650 years ago with the help of the people. All around the lake there are ghats with steps leading to the water, decorated verandahs, large halls, rooms and much more.
• People came here to celebrate festivals and for programmes of music and dance.
• This lake was made for collection of rainwater as rainwater harvesting.
• It was made in such a way that when the lake was full, the extra water flowed into another lake at a lower level.
• When that too filled up, the extra water flowed into the next lake.
• This way all nine lakes filled up.
• Today, Ghadsisar is no more in use.

​Thus, option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct is Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Bikaner, and Udaipur.

Key Points

• The correct option is option 4, which includes the cities of Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Bikaner, and Udaipur.
•  Johad is a traditional water conservation system in India, which involves building small earthen dams to collect rainwater and recharge groundwater.
• Stepwells are also traditional water conservation systems, which are wells or ponds with steps leading down to the water level, allowing for easy access to water even during droughts.
•  Lakes are natural or man-made bodies of water that can also serve as a source of water conservation and management.
•  Rajasthan, the state where three out of four cities mentioned in option 4 are located, is known for its arid climate and water scarcity, making traditional water conservation systems crucial for the survival of communities in the region.

Concept:

Infiltration:

• The rainwater and water from other sources such as rivers and ponds seep through the soil and fill the empty spaces and cracks deep below the ground.
• The process of seeping water into the ground is called infiltration.
• The groundwater thus gets recharged by infiltration.

Aquifer:

• In places, the groundwater is stored between layers of hard rock below the water table.
• This is known as an aquifer.

Explanation:

A pukka floor:

• Pucca is a word that implies "solid" and "permanent."
• It is constructed from heavy materials like stone, brick, cement, concrete, or wood.
• With regard to pucca flooring and concrete floors, water cannot soak through.
• Rainwater can seep into the ground through a playground, grassy area, or forest land.

Thus, the pukka floor inhibits the seepage of rainwater into the ground.

Additional InformationWater scarcity:

• The lack of sufficient water resources to meet regional water usage demands is known as water scarcity.
• Various factors, such as the expanding population, rising agricultural needs, industrial use, and the generation of power, all contribute to the rise in water demand.

Water conservation:

• "Water conservation" primarily refers to keeping, maintaining, and controlling water use and its attributes. 
• It is a technique used to manage freshwater, lessen pollution, and save water and its qualities in order to minimise and prevent scarcity.

Water harvesting:

• Rainwater can be used to recharge the groundwater.
• This is referred to as water harvesting or rainwater harvesting.

The correct answer is the Water harvesting.

Key Points

• Rainwater can be used to recharge the ground water: This is referred to as Water harvesting.
• Rain water harvesting is collection and storage of rain water that runs off from roof tops, parks, roads, open grounds, etc.
• This water runoff can be either stored or recharged into the ground water. A rainwater harvesting systems consists of the following components:
  • catchment from where water is captured and stored or recharged,
  • conveyance system that carries the water harvested from the catchment to the storage/recharge zone,
  • first flush that is used to flush out the first spell of rain
  • filter used to remove pollutants,
  • storage tanks and/or various recharge structures.

The correct answer is Rajasthan.

Explanation:

• Rajasthan is a hot and dry place.
• The availability of water resources varies over space and time, mainly due to the variations in seasonal and annual precipitation.
• Due to seasonal and very little rainfall in Rajasthan rainwater harvesting is done on rooftops and with the help of other rainwater harvesting structures.
• Most of the water that we get as rainfall just flows away.
• This is a waste of precious natural resources.
• The rainwater can be used to recharge the groundwater.
• This is referred to as water harvesting or rainwater harvesting.

Additional Information

Tanka:

• Tanka or Tank is a traditional rain-water harvesting technique in Rajasthan.
• Tanka is a circular or rectangular shaped pond with a life span of 3-4 years.
• Ranisar and Padamsar in Jodhpur, forest tank of Ranthambhor, Sukhsagar Tank and Padmini Tank are some famous ones.

Bawri:

• Bawri's are deep step wells built into the ground.
• It was the traditional way of rainwater harvesting.
• When it rains, the water accumulates in the tank.
• They are built deep into the ground so that the water does not evaporate easily and can be used during water shortages.

Johad:

• Johads are small earthen check dams that capture and conserve rainwater, improving percolation and groundwater recharge.
• A johad, also known as a pokhar or a percolation pond.
• 3000 johads spread across more than 650 villages in Alwar district, Rajasthan.

Concept:

Water scarcity:

• Water scarcity is simply a lack of enough water to meet human requirements.
• Unequal access to water, excessive water use by various social groups, and in most cases over-exploitation are the leading causes of water scarcity.

Explanation:

Water conservation:

• Water conservation is the practice of not wasting water, utilising it sparingly, and replenishing groundwater.
• Water reusability is another way to solve water shortages.
• Water conservation techniques:
• Rainwater Harvesting:
  • It is the procedure for gathering and storing rainwater.
• Groundwater Harvesting: 
  • It is an underground water conservation technique that regulates aquifer groundwater flow and increases the water table.

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• Tamil Nadu set a pioneering precedent in India by instituting mandatory rooftop rainwater harvesting in 2001, a policy that remains unique to the state.
• Amendments were introduced to the Tamil Nadu District Municipalities Act of 1920 and the Building Rules of 1973, mandating the incorporation of rainwater harvesting structures in all new constructions.
• Furthermore, the Ministry of Urban Affairs and Poverty Alleviation has extended this mandate nationally, requiring rainwater harvesting for new buildings with a roof area exceeding 100 square meters and plots larger than 1,000 square meters.
• The implementation of Tamil Nadu's rainwater harvesting model has yielded notable results, evidenced by a 50% increase in water levels in Chennai within five years. 

Additional Information

• Tamil Nadu, situated in the southernmost part of India, stands as the tenth-largest state in terms of area and the sixth-largest in terms of population.
• It is predominantly inhabited by the Tamil people, who speak the Tamil language—a language of ancient lineage and official status.
• The capital and largest city of Tamil Nadu is Chennai.
• Geographically, Tamil Nadu is positioned on the southeastern coast of the Indian peninsula. It is bordered by the Western Ghats and Deccan Plateau to the west, the Eastern Ghats to the north, and the Eastern Coastal Plains along the Bay of Bengal to the east.
• To the southeast, it is bounded by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, while the southernmost tip is washed by the Laccadive Sea. The river Kaveri traverses the state, dividing it into distinct regions.