Servo Motors MCQ Quiz in தமிழ் - Objective Question with Answer for Servo Motors - இலவச PDF ஐப் பதிவிறக்கவும்

Explanation:

Servomotor

Definition: A servomotor is a rotary actuator or linear actuator that allows for precise control of angular or linear position, velocity, and acceleration. It consists of a suitable motor coupled to a sensor for position feedback. Servomotors are used in applications where precise control of position or speed is required, such as in robotics, CNC machinery, or automated manufacturing.

Working Principle: The working principle of a servomotor involves the following key components: a motor, a feedback sensor, a controller, and a drive system. The controller receives the desired position or speed input (often referred to as the setpoint) and compares it to the feedback from the sensor to determine any error. This error is used to adjust the motor's movement to achieve the desired position or speed. The feedback loop ensures that the servomotor can correct any deviations and maintain accurate control over its motion.

Servomotors can be classified into different types based on their design and the type of feedback mechanism used. Some common types include:

• AC Servomotors: These use alternating current (AC) and are known for their high efficiency and precise control. They are commonly used in industrial applications.
• DC Servomotors: These use direct current (DC) and are simpler in design compared to AC servomotors. They are often used in smaller or low-power applications.
• Brushless DC Servomotors: These are a type of DC servomotor that uses electronic commutation instead of brushes, resulting in higher efficiency, reliability, and longer lifespan.

Advantages:

• High Precision: Servomotors provide precise control over position, speed, and acceleration, making them ideal for applications requiring accurate and repeatable motion.
• Fast Response: The feedback mechanism in servomotors allows for rapid correction of any errors, resulting in quick response times and improved performance.
• Versatility: Servomotors can be used in a wide range of applications, from simple positioning tasks to complex motion control systems.

Disadvantages:

• Complexity: The inclusion of feedback sensors and controllers adds complexity to the system, requiring more sophisticated setup and maintenance.
• Cost: Servomotors can be more expensive than other types of motors due to their advanced features and components.

Applications: Servomotors are widely used in various industries and applications, including:

• Robotics: For precise control of robotic arms and joints.
• Automation: In CNC machines, conveyor systems, and automated manufacturing processes.
• Aerospace: For controlling flight surfaces and actuators.
• Consumer Electronics: In devices such as cameras and printers for accurate positioning.

Correct Option Analysis:

The correct option is:

Option 1: Servomotor

A servomotor is specifically designed for precise control of angular position. The feedback mechanism and control system ensure accurate and repeatable positioning, making it the ideal choice for applications that require high precision and fast response times.

Additional Information

To further understand the analysis, let’s evaluate the other options:

Option 2: DC Motor

While DC motors can be used for various applications, they do not inherently provide the precise control of angular position that servomotors offer. DC motors are often used in applications where speed control is essential, but additional components are needed to achieve precise positioning.

Option 3: Synchronous Motor

Synchronous motors run at a constant speed determined by the frequency of the AC power supply. They are not typically used for precise control of angular position as their primary function is to maintain a constant speed rather than adjust to specific positions.

Option 4: Induction Motor

Induction motors are widely used in various industrial applications due to their ruggedness and simplicity. However, they are not designed for precise control of angular position. They are more suitable for applications requiring consistent and reliable operation without the need for precise positioning.

Conclusion:

Understanding the specific capabilities and applications of different types of motors is crucial for selecting the right motor for a given task. In this case, servomotors are the best choice for applications requiring precise control of angular position due to their advanced feedback mechanisms and control systems. While other types of motors like DC, synchronous, and induction motors have their own advantages and are suitable for various applications, they do not offer the same level of precision and control as servomotors.

Servo motors are broadly classified into two main types: AC servo motors and DC servo motors. AC servo motors are powered by alternating current, whereas DC servo motors are powered by direct current.

The most common type of feedback sensor used in servo motors is the encoder. Encoders are preferred due to their high accuracy and ability to provide precise position and speed feedback.

In a servo motor system, the controller's primary purpose is to convert the input signal into a control signal for the motor. This control signal determines the motor's desired position, speed, or torque.

The correct option is option 3, which states that both statements (i) and (ii) are correct. In a DC servomotor, the speed can be controlled by varying the armature voltage (statement i), as the speed is directly proportional to the applied voltage. Additionally, the armature is deliberately designed to have a large armature resistance (statement ii) to provide better control over speed and to improve the stability of the motor by reducing the time constant of the armature circuit.

In an AC servomotor, the main winding and control winding are displaced by 90° electrically. This phase displacement is crucial for creating a rotating magnetic field which is essential for the operation of the servomotor. The 90° electrical displacement between the windings allows for precise control of the motor's position, speed, and torque, making it ideal for applications requiring high precision and responsiveness.