Which of the following are known carcinogens?

A. Nickel (Ni)

B. Cadmium (Cd)

C. Benzene (C₆H₆)

D. Ozone (O₃)

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The correct answer is - Only A, B and C

Key Points

• Nickel (Ni)
  • Nickel compounds are classified as Group 1 carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).
  • Exposure to nickel has been linked to lung, nasal, and other cancers.
• Cadmium (Cd)
  • Cadmium and cadmium compounds are also classified as Group 1 carcinogens by IARC.
  • Cadmium exposure is associated with cancers of the lung, prostate, and kidney.
• Benzene (C6H6)
  • Benzene is a well-established Group 1 carcinogen according to IARC.
  • Chronic exposure to benzene can lead to blood disorders such as leukemia.

Additional Information

• Ozone (O3)
  • Ozone is primarily known as a respiratory irritant and is not classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by IARC.
  • However, it can cause other health problems such as asthma and decreased lung function.
• Carcinogens
  • Substances that are directly involved in causing cancer are known as carcinogens.
  • They can be classified based on their origin, such as chemical, physical, or biological carcinogens.
  • Understanding the classification and impact of these substances is crucial for public health and regulatory policies.