Which of the following test is done to check vestibular function?

Question

Question

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KGMU Nursing Officer 2023 Memory-Based Previous Year Paper

Answer 1

Correct Answer: Caloric

Rationale:

The caloric test is a diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function of the vestibular system, which is part of the inner ear responsible for balance and spatial orientation.
This test involves irrigating the ear canal with warm or cold water or air and observing the resulting eye movements, known as nystagmus. These eye movements are caused by the stimulation of the vestibular system, specifically the semicircular canals.
The caloric test is an essential tool for diagnosing vestibular disorders such as vestibular neuritis, Ménière’s disease, or other conditions affecting balance and equilibrium.

Additional Information:

The test helps determine whether both sides of the vestibular system are functioning equally. Abnormal responses, such as reduced or absent nystagmus, may indicate vestibular dysfunction.
It is commonly performed as part of a complete vestibular function test battery and may also be used to assess brainstem function in comatose patients.
The caloric test is non-invasive and typically performed by an audiologist, ENT specialist, or neurologist.

Explanation of Other Options:

Auditory acuity

Rationale: Auditory acuity tests are used to evaluate hearing ability and the function of the auditory system, not the vestibular system. Common auditory tests include pure-tone audiometry and speech audiometry.
These tests assess the ability to detect sound and do not provide information about balance or vestibular function.

Babinski reflex

Rationale: The Babinski reflex is a neurological test used to evaluate the function of the central nervous system, specifically the corticospinal tract. It involves stroking the sole of the foot and observing the toe movements.
This test does not assess vestibular function or balance; it is primarily used for diagnosing neurological conditions such as upper motor neuron lesions.

Nerve conduction velocity

Rationale: Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) testing measures the speed at which electrical signals travel along a nerve. It is used to diagnose peripheral neuropathies or nerve damage.
While NCV tests evaluate the function of peripheral nerves, they do not provide information about the vestibular system or balance-related issues.

Conclusion:

Among the given options, the caloric test is the most appropriate and specific method for evaluating vestibular function. It directly assesses the balance mechanisms of the inner ear, making it an essential diagnostic tool for identifying vestibular disorders.