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Home / IAS Preparation / Science & Technology Notes / INSAT-3DR ISRO Space Mission

INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite ISRO Mission – Objectives, Latest Updates & Launch Info

Last Updated on Jun 30, 2025
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India’s space programme, led by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), has evolved from modest beginnings into one of the most respected space agencies in the world. Over the years, ISRO has designed and executed a range of missions—from satellite navigation, Earth observation, interplanetary exploration, to solar studies—that have not only enhanced India’s technological self-reliance but also contributed to global scientific collaboration. Its cost-effective approaches and mission diversity—from Chandrayaan and Mangalyaan to Aditya-L1 and the upcoming Gaganyaan—have become case studies in innovation.

For UPSC aspirants, ISROs journey is more than current affairs—it directly intersects with the syllabus of General Studies Paper 3 (Science & Technology), provides examples for GS Paper 2 (International Relations, Governance), and can enrich perspectives in the Essay Paper, Ethics, and even Optional subjects like Geography or PSIR. In this article, we will explore detailed insights about ISRO INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite Mission —its objectives, timelines, key technologies, and strategic implications.

ISRO INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite Mission Overview

INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite was developed by ISRO as part of its efforts in the field of Meteorological, Data Relay, Search & Rescue.ISRO positioned INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite in Earth to meet its operational goals.

  • GSLV-F05 served as the launch platform for INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite.
  • Liftoff occurred at Satish Dhawan Space Centre, as per mission scheduling.
  • The core purpose behind INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite was to Enhanced meteorological observations.
  • INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite was further expected to aid in Data relay, search and rescue services.
  • According to available records, the mission status is Operational.

INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite Space Mission Overview for UPSC

Mission Name

INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite

Mission Abbreviation

INSAT-3DR

Mission Type

Meteorological, Data Relay, Search & Rescue

Target Celestial Body or Orbit

Earth

Primary Objective

Enhanced meteorological observations

Secondary Objectives

Data relay, search and rescue services

Mission Status

Operational

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Timeline & Milestones of ISRO INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite Mission
  • The scheduled launch date for INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite was September 8, 2016.
  • ISRO has estimated the primary service duration for INSAT-3DR to last until Around 2026.

Timeline & Milestones

Proposal Date

N/A

Critical Design Review (CDR) Date

N/A

Assembly Complete Date

N/A

Launch Date

September 8, 2016

Landing / Flyby Date

N/A

End of Primary Mission Date

Around 2026

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ISRO INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite Mission Technical Specifications

INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite adopted a design featuring Advanced meteorological satellite, launched successfully via GSLV-F05.Geostationary Orbit (GSO) was the target operational environment for INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite, enabling precise function delivery.

  • The spacecraft for INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite carried scientific payloads such as Imager, Sounder, DRT, SAS&R transponders, supporting its role as a Meteorological, Data Relay, Search & Rescue mission.
  • To support telemetry, tracking, and command operations, INSAT-3DR used S-band (DRT, SAS&R).
  • Technologies used in the mission included Advanced imaging and sounding instruments, supporting onboard operations and analysis.

Technical Specifications

Spacecraft Technical Specifications

Advanced meteorological satellite

Scientific Payloads

Imager, Sounder, DRT, SAS&R transponders

Orbit Details

Geostationary Orbit (GSO)

Communication Frequencies / Band

S-band (DRT, SAS&R)

Key Technologies Used

Advanced imaging and sounding instruments

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INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite Launch Information
  • September 8, 2016 marked the official launch of the INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite mission.
  • The GSLV-F05 was used to deploy INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite into space.
  • Satish Dhawan Space Centre was the designated launch complex for this mission.

Launch Information

Launch Vehicle

GSLV-F05

Launch Site

Satish Dhawan Space Centre

Who are the Stakeholders & Collaborators?

ISRO were involved in various phases of the mission.

  • The mission involved international contributions from COSPAS-SARSAT (for Search & Rescue services), especially in context of GSLV-F05 or payload planning.
  • Scientific observations made through payloads on INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite are disseminated via the framework of Data available through IMD, MOSDAC.

Stakeholders & Collaboration

Agencies Involved

ISRO

Commercial Partners

N/A

International Partners

COSPAS-SARSAT (for Search & Rescue services)

Payload Contributions by Partners

N/A

Data Sharing Policy

Data available through IMD, MOSDAC

Outputs, Applications & Impact of ISRO INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite Mission

The mission is remembered for its contribution as Improved weather monitoring capabilities.Scientific analysis and public services were enabled through outputs like Weather forecasting, climate studies.

  • Meteorological, Data Relay, Search & Rescue missions like INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite are significant as they Contribution to global Search and Rescue efforts through the COSPAS-SARSAT program; enhanced regional weather forecasting capabilities.
  • Weather forecasting, disaster warning, search and rescue services are among the key civilian benefits derived from INSAT-3DR.
  • Enhanced meteorological observation, supports disaster management agencies highlights the role of INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite in India’s strategic space program.
  • INSAT-3DS for continuity and improved capabilities represent the next logical step in the mission series initiated by INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite, reflecting ISRO’s commitment to iterative advancements in this area.

Outputs, Applications & Impact of INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite Mission

Data Outputs and Applications

Weather forecasting, climate studies

Major Achievements

Improved weather monitoring capabilities

Applications in Civilian Life

Weather forecasting, disaster warning, search and rescue services

Impact on Policy & Global Collaboration

Contribution to global Search and Rescue efforts through the COSPAS-SARSAT program; enhanced regional weather forecasting capabilities

Environmental Impact & Sustainability

N/A

Strategic Significance & Policy Alignment

Enhanced meteorological observation, supports disaster management agencies

Follow-up Missions or Extensions

INSAT-3DS for continuity and improved capabilities

Cost Estimate

N/A

ISRO INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite Space Mission Risks, Failures & Mitigation


    Risks, Failures & Mitigation

    Challenges Faced

    N/A

    Risk Mitigation Measures

    N/A

    Failures or Anomalies

    N/A

    Corrective Actions Taken

    N/A

    Lessons Learned

    N/A

    UPSC Relevance of ISRO INSAT-3DR Meteorological Satellite Space Mission
    • Questions related to recent satellite launches, their functions, and associated orbits often form part of the current affairs-heavy UPSC Prelims syllabus, making ISRO missions a recurring theme.
    • The collaborative nature of missions with international agencies such as NASA, ESA, or CNES can also be used in GS Paper II under international relations and science diplomacy.
    • The ethical use of space for peaceful purposes, as consistently upheld by ISRO, resonates with values-based questions in GS Paper IV.
    • Missions like Cartosat or Resourcesat allow candidates to bring satellite-based data into answers dealing with urban planning, hydrology, and land-use studies.

    Past UPSC Mains PYQs on ISRO Space Missions

    Q1. Discuss the role of the private sector in the growth of the space industry in India. How has the governments policy of 2023 affected it? (2023, GS Paper 3 - Science & Technology)

    Q2. What is India’s plan to have its own space station and how will it benefit our space programme? (2022 & 2019, GS Paper 3 - Science & Technology)

    Q3. Space has been the next big frontier for mankind after sea and land. In this context, discuss Indias policy and preparedness for space wars. (2019, GS Paper 3 - Science & Technology)

    Q4. Discuss the utility of the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) for India. (2016, GS Paper 3 - Science & Technology)

    Q5. What do you understand by Standard Positioning Systems and Precision Positioning Systems in the GPS era? Discuss the advantages India perceives from its ambitious IRNSS programme employing just seven satellites. (2015, GS Paper 3 - Science & Technology)

    Past UPSC Prelims PYQs on ISRO Space Missions

    Q1 [2025]: GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) uses a system of ground stations to provide necessary augmentation. Which of the following statements is/are correct in respect of GAGAN?

    I. It is designed to provide additional accuracy and integrity.
    II. It will allow more uniform and high quality air traffic management.
    III. It will provide benefits only in aviation but not in other modes of transportation.

    Select the correct answer using the code given below.

    (a) I, II and III
    (b) II and III only
    (c) I only
    (d) I and II only

    Correct Answer: (d) I and II only

    Explanation: Statements I and II correctly describe the core purpose and benefit of the GAGAN system. (I) GAGAN is designed to augment GPS signals by correcting for errors, which provides much greater accuracy and guarantees the integrity (reliability) of the positioning information. (II) This enhanced accuracy and reliability directly enables more precise aircraft routing and landing procedures, thus improving the uniformity and quality of air traffic management.

    Q2 [2022]: If a major solar storm (solar flare) reaches the Earth, which of the following are the possible effects on the Earth?

    1. GPS and navigation systems could fail.
    2. Tsunamis could occur at equatorial regions.
    3. Power grids could be damaged.
    4. Intense auroras could occur over much of the Earth.
    5. Forest fires could take place over much of the planet.
    6. Orbits of the satellites could be disturbed.
    7. Shortwave radio communication of the aircraft flying over polar regions could be interrupted.

    Select the correct answer using the code given below:

    (a) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only
    (b) 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 only
    (c) 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7 only
    (d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7

    Answer: The correct answer is (c).

    Explanation: A major solar storm can disrupt GPS, power grids, satellite orbits, polar radio communication, and cause auroras, but cannot trigger tsunamis or forest fires.

    Q3 [2020]: The experiment will employ a trio of spacecraft flying in formation in the shape of an equilateral triangle that has sides one million kilometres long, with lasers shining between the craft.” The experiment in question refers to

    (a) Voyager-2
    (b) New horizons
    (c) Lisa Pathfinder
    (d) Evolved LISA

    Answer: The correct answer is (d) Evolved LISA.

    Explanation: Evolved LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) is a planned space-based gravitational wave observatory by ESA and NASA, using three spacecraft in a triangular formation with laser beams to detect cosmic gravitational waves.

    Q4 [2016]: Consider the following statements:

    The Mangalyaan launched by ISRO

    1. is also called the Mars Orbiter Mission
    2. made India the second country to have a spacecraft orbit the Mars after USA
    3. made India the only country to be successful in making its spacecraft orbit the Mars in its very first attempt

    Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

    (a) 1 only
    (b) 2 and 3 only
    (c) 1 and 3 only
    (d) 1, 2 and 3


    Answer: c) 1 and 3 only

    Explanation: Mangalyaan is the informal name of Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), launched by ISRO on 5 November 2013 and India is the only nation to date to have succeeded on its maiden attempt.

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    UPSC Practice Questions on ISRO Space Missions

    Q1. Satish Dhawan Space Research Centre is located in which district of Andhra Pradesh?
    1. Nellore
    2. Tirupati
    3. NTR pale Nadu
    4. Prakasam
    Answer: Tirupati
    Solution: The correct answer is Tirupati. Satish Dhawan Space Centre SDSC formerly Sriharikota Range SHAR is the primary spaceport of the Indian Space Research Organisation ISRO located in Sriharikota Andhra Pradesh. The Centre currently has two functioning launch pads used for launching Sounding rockets Polar satellites and Geosynchronous satellites. India's Lunar exploration probes Chandrayaan-1 Chandrayaan-2 Chandrayaan-3 Mars Orbiter Mission and solar research mission Aditya-L1 were also launched in SDSC. Originally called Sriharikota Range SHAR the centre was renamed on 5 September 2002 as a tribute to ISRO's former chairman Satish Dhawan with retaining its original acronym and is referred as SDSC-SHAR. It was previously in Nellore. But after district bifurcation it is in Tirupati.

    Q2. Consider the following statement about NISAR:
    1. It is a microwave remote sensing satellite for Earth observation
    2. It is a joint mission of India and USA
    3. Its full form is NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar
    4. It is targeted for launch onboard India’s GSLV
    Which of the statement given above is/are correct?
    1. Only statement 2 and 4
    2. Statement 2 and 3
    3. Only statement 1 3 4
    4. All are correct
    Answer: All are correct
    Solution: The correct answer is All are correct. NISAR is a joint Earth-observing mission between NASA and the Indian Space Research Organization ISRO. NISAR NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar is a joint Earth-observing mission between NASA and ISRO. Hence statements 2 and 3 are correct. The mission aims to make global measurements of the causes and consequences of land surface changes using advanced radar imaging. NISAR was conceived in response to the National Academy of Science's 2007 survey of Earth observational priorities which identified gaining data and insight in three Earth science domains as a top priority. Hence statement 1 is correct. ISRO's science community showed great interest in the joint radar mission identifying complementary science and applications such as agricultural monitoring landslide studies Himalayan glacier studies and more. NISAR is targeted for launch onboard India’s GSLV. Hence statement 4 is correct. NISAR will be the first satellite mission to use two different radar frequencies L-band and S-band to measure changes in the Earth's surface less than a centimeter across. The mission is targeted to launch in 2024 with NASA providing the L-band synthetic aperture radar and ISRO providing the spacecraft bus S-band radar launch vehicle and associated launch services.

    Q3. Pragyan is associated with
    1. Missile Technology
    2. Space Research
    3. Oceanography
    4. Climate
    Answer: Space Research
    Solution: The correct answer is Space Research. Pragyan is the name given to the rover of India's Chandrayaan-2 mission which was associated with space research and specifically aimed at exploring the Moon. The mission was developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation ISRO India's national space agency. The rover was designed to move across the lunar surface and conduct experiments to analyze the moon's soil and rock composition for signs of water and other elements. The mission's objectives were to broaden the understanding of the Moon contributing to lunar scientific studies and demonstrating the capabilities of India in space technology and exploration.

    Q4. The name of the organisations which are associated in the Chandrayan I mission are given below. Identify the wrong one:
    1. ISRO
    2. BARC
    3. NASA
    4. ONGC
    Answer: ONGC
    Solution: The correct answer is ONGC. ONGC Oil and Natural Gas Corporation is a public sector enterprise in India primarily engaged in exploration and production of oil and natural gas. It is not associated with space missions or the Chandrayaan I mission. ONGC focuses on the oil and energy sector with no involvement in space technology or lunar exploration. ISRO Indian Space Research Organisation is the premier space agency of India responsible for the development and launch of the Chandrayaan I mission. BARC Bhabha Atomic Research Centre contributed to the Chandrayaan I mission by developing scientific instruments. NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration collaborated with ISRO on the Chandrayaan I mission by providing instruments like the Moon Mineralogy Mapper M3 which helped in detecting water molecules on the moon’s surface.

    Q5. In which year was India's first interplanetary mission to planet Mars launched successfully?
    1. 2013
    2. 2012
    3. 2016
    4. 2015
    Answer: 2013
    Solution: The correct answer is 2013. India's First Interplanetary Mission to Mars The Mars Orbiter Mission MOM also called Mangalyaan was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation ISRO on November 5 2013. Hence option 1 is correct. Mission Objective The primary objective was to develop the technologies required for interplanetary missions. The secondary objective was to explore Mars' surface features morphology mineralogy and atmosphere. Significance Mangalyaan made India the first country to successfully reach Mars on its first attempt and the fourth space agency in the world to do so following NASA the Soviet space program and the European Space Agency.

    Q6. How many operational satellites does India have in Low Earth Orbit LEO as of December 2023?
    1. 10
    2. 22
    3. 30
    4. 50
    Answer: 22 operational satellites
    Solution: The correct answer is 22 operational satellites. India has 22 operational satellites in Low Earth Orbit LEO as of December 2023. Low Earth Orbit LEO is an orbit around Earth with an altitude between 160 kilometers and 2000 kilometers. These satellites serve various purposes including communication earth observation and scientific research. The Indian Space Research Organisation ISRO is responsible for the launch and maintenance of these satellites. LEO satellites are crucial for applications that require low latency and high bandwidth such as imaging and real-time data communication.

    Q7. The launch date of Indian Satellite Kalamsat - V2 is -
    1. 12 January 2018
    2. 24 January 2019
    3. 22 May 2019
    4. 22 July 2019
    Answer: 24 January 2019
    Solution: The correct answer is 24 January 2019. Kalamsat-V2 is a payload developed by students and was launched by ISRO. It was launched on 24 January 2019 aboard the PSLV-C44 mission. Kalamsat-V2 is named after former Indian President and scientist Dr A P J Abdul Kalam. The satellite was developed by students from Space Kidz India a Chennai-based organization. Kalamsat-V2 is the world's lightest satellite weighing just 1.26 kg.

    Q8. The first dedicated Indian astronomy mission aimed at studying celestial sources in X-ray optical and ultraviolet spectral bands simultaneously is:
    1. Chandrayaan-2
    2. Gaganyaan
    3. Astrosat
    4. Cartosat
    Answer: Astrosat
    Solution: The correct answer is Astrosat. Astrosat is India’s first dedicated multi-wavelength space observatory launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation ISRO. It was launched on 28 September 2015 by the PSLV-C30 rocket from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre. Astrosat is capable of observing celestial objects in X-ray ultraviolet UV and optical spectral bands simultaneously. The satellite has onboard five scientific instruments such as the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope UVIT and Large Area X-ray Proportional Counters LAXPC which allow it to perform multi-wavelength studies.

    Q9. When was India's first satellite launched?
    1. 21st May 1960
    2. 25th January 1950
    3. 13th July 1990
    4. 19th April 1975
    Answer: 19th April 1975
    Solution: The correct answer is 19th April 1975. India's first satellite Aryabhata was launched on 19th April 1975. The satellite was named after the ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata. Aryabhata was launched into space using a Soviet rocket called Intercosmos as India did not have its own satellite launch vehicle at the time. This marked India's entry into the era of space exploration and laid the foundation for the establishment of the Indian Space Research Organisation ISRO as a global player in space technology.

    Q10. Aditya Mission refers to:
    1. India's anti diphtheria program
    2. India's Tourism Promotion Program
    3. Agricultural Extension Program for farmers
    4. India's solar exploration Program
    Answer: India's solar exploration Program
    Solution: The correct answer is India's solar exploration Program. Aditya-L1 Mission is India's first dedicated solar mission aimed at studying the Sun. The mission is being developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation ISRO. The Aditya-L1 spacecraft will be placed in a halo orbit around the Lagrange Point 1 L1 which is approximately 1.5 million kilometers from Earth. The mission aims to study the solar corona solar emissions solar wind and magnetic field among other aspects of the Sun. Aditya-L1 will carry seven payloads to observe and measure various properties of the Sun and its environment.

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