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Home / IAS Preparation / Ramsar Sites in India

Ramsar Sites in India: State Wise List of Ramsar Sites - UPSC Notes

Last Updated on Jun 11, 2025
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Ramsar Sites in India are vital international standard wetlands which are under the category of Ramsar Convention. The Ramsar Convention is a legally binding international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands. By February 2025, India has 89 Ramsar Sites, the maximum number in South Asia. It is made up of a variegated ecosystem including fresh water lakes, swamps, mangroves, and high-altitude lakes. These sites are the basis of survival and expansion of various plant and animal species. It also aids in water purification, flood control, and climate regulation. The continuous addition of new Ramsar sites in India reflects India's commitment to maintaining these essential ecological areas.

Check the below article on Ramsar sites in India to know more about the 89 wetlands in India that are designated as Ramsar sites. It is important for the UPSC IAS exam.

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Syllabus

General Studies III

Topics for Prelims

Biodiversity Conservation, Ramsar Convention

Topics for Mains

Conservation efforts related to wetlands and their significance

Latest News on Ramsar Sites in India

In recent days, India has included four more wetlands in its Ramsar Site list, the number has already reached 89. This is a proof of India's dedication to the conservation of wetlands, which will make the country even stronger in claiming the first place in Asia and the third in the world, right after the United Kingdom and Mexico. Here are the newly designated Ramsar Sites:

  • Sakkarakottai Bird Sanctuary: Sakkarakottai Bird Sanctuary is hilly and rocky in the Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu. Covering 230.495 hectares, this is the only area in the region which is sheltered along the Central Asian Flyway, being the area Mountains of Cerronegro have applied their gravitational force on the River. It is this trending movement that has given the riverbed an unusual concavity whose bending pattern is mostly locally and irregularly been enjoyed by
  • Therthangal Bird Sanctuary: Another of its kind located in the Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu, this sanctuary is equally important for waterbird conservation, providing breeding and foraging habitats.
  • Khecheopalri Wetland: Khecheopalri Lake, a sacred lake for both Buddhists and Hindus, forms an alternate high-altitude lake in biodiversity conservation in West Sikkim at 1,700 m above sea level with the status of a wish-fulfilling lake.
  • Udhwa Lake: In the Sahebganj district of Jharkhand, this consists of two adjoining water bodies: the Patauran (155 hectares) and the Berhale (410 hectares) linked by a stream. This area is an Important Bird Area (IBA) and plays an important role in the conservation of avian habitats.
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List of Ramsar Sites in India

The 89 Ramsar sites in India are listed below along with their year of designation & area in sq. km:

List of Ramsar Sites in India

Sl. No.

Ramsar Wetlands in India

State/UT

Year of Designation

Area( In Sq. Km)

1

Sakkarakottai Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

February 2025

-

2

Therthangal Bird Sanctuary (TBS)

Tamil Nadu

February 2025

-

3

Khecheopalri Lake

Sikkim

February 2025

-

4

Udhwa Lake

Jharkhand

February 2025

-

5

Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

January 2024

4.53

6

Longwood Shola Reserve Forest

Tamil Nadu

January 2024

1.16

7

Magadi Kere Conservation Reserve

Karnataka

January 2024

0.5

8

Ankasamudra Bird Conservation Reserve

Karnataka

January 2024

0.99

9

Aghanashini Estuary

Karnataka

January 2024

48.01

10

Tampara Lake

Odisha

August 2022

3

11

Hirakud Reservoir

Odisha

August 2022

654

12

Ansupa Lake

Odisha

August 2022

2.31

13

Yashwant Sagar

Madhya Pradesh

August 2022

8.229

14

Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

August 2022

2.6047

15

Suchindram Theroor Wetland Complex

Tamil Nadu

August 2022

0.9423

16

Vaduvur Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

August 2022

1.1264

17

Kanjirankulam Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

August 2022

0.9689

18

Thane Creek

Maharashtra

August 2022

65.2108

19

Hygam Wetland Conservation Reserve

Jammu and Kashmir

August 2022

8.0182

20

Shellbug Wetland Conservation Reserve

Jammu and Kashmir

August 2022

16.75

21

Nanda Lake

Goa

June 2022

0.42

22

Karikili Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

April 2022

0.58

23

Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest

Tamil Nadu

April 2022

12.48

24

Pichavaram Mangrove Forest

Tamil Nadu

April 2022

14.79

25

Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve

Tamil Nadu

April 2022

527

26

Vembanur Wetland Complex

Tamil Nadu

April 2022

0.2

27

Vellode Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

April 2022

0.77

28

Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

April 2022

0.44

29

Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

April 2022

0.4

30

Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary

Karnataka

February 2022

5.18

31

Sakhya Sagar

Madhya Pradesh

January 2022

2.48

32

Sirpur Wetland

Madhya Pradesh

January 2022

1.61

33

Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

November 2021

0.72

34

Satkosia Gorge

Odisha

October 2021

982

35

Pala Wetland

Mizoram

August 2021

18.5

36

Bakhira Sanctuary

Uttar Pradesh

June 2021

28.94

37

Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary

Haryana

25 May 2021

4.11

38

Sultanpur National Park

Haryana

25 May 2021

1.43

39

Haiderpur Wetland

Uttar Pradesh

April 2021

69.08

40

Vadhvana Wetland

Gujarat

April 2021

6.3

41

Thol Lake

Gujarat

April 2021

6.99

42

Khijadiya Wildlife Sanctuary

Gujarat

April 2021

5.12

43

Tso Kar Wetland Complex

Union Territory of Ladakh

November 2020

95.77

44

Sur Sarovar

Uttar Pradesh

August 2020

4.31

45

Asan Conservation Reserve

Uttarakhand

July 2020

4.44

46

Kabartal Wetland

Bihar

July 2020

26.2

47

Lonar Lake

Maharashtra

July 2020

4.27

48

Saman Bird Sanctuary

Uttar Pradesh

December 2019

52.63

49

Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary

Uttar Pradesh

December 2019

7.22

50

Samaspur Bird Sanctuary

Uttar Pradesh

October 2019

79.94

51

Beas Conservation Reserve

Punjab

September 2019

64.289

52

Keshopur-Miani Community Reserve

Punjab

September 2019

3.439

53

Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary

Punjab

September 2019

1.16

54

Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary

Uttar Pradesh

September 2019

2.246

55

Sandi Bird Sanctuary

Uttar Pradesh

September 2019

30.85

56

Sarsai Nawar Jheel

Uttar Pradesh

September 2019

16.13

57

Nandur Madhameshwar

Maharashtra

June 2019

14.37

58

Sundarban Wetland

West Bengal

January 2019

4230

59

Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary

Gujarat

September 2012

120

60

Upper Ganga River

Uttar Pradesh

November 2005

265.9

61

Chandertal Wetland

Himachal Pradesh

November 2005

0.49

62

Hokera Wetland

Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir

November 2005

13.75

63

Renuka Wetland

Himachal Pradesh

November 2005

0.2

64

Rudrasagar Lake

Tripura

November 2005

2.4

65

Surinsar-Mansar Lakes

Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir

November 2005

3.5

66

Ashtamudi Wetland

Kerala

August 2002

614

67

Bhitarkanika Mangroves

Odisha

August 2002

650

68

Bhoj Wetland

Madhya Pradesh

August 2002

32.01

69

Deepor Beel

Assam

August 2002

40

70

East Calcutta Wetlands

West Bengal

August 2002

125

71

Kanjli Wetland

Punjab

January 2002

1.83

72

Kolleru Lake

Andhra Pradesh

August 2002

901

73

Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

August 2002

385

74

Pong Dam Lake

Himachal Pradesh

August 2002

156.62

75

Ropar Wetland

Punjab

January 2002

13.65

76

Tsomoriri

Union Territory of Ladakh

August 2002

120

77

Vembanad-Kol Wetland

Kerala

August 2002

1512.5

78

Sasthamkotta Lake

Kerala

August 2002

3.73

79

Wular Lake

Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir

March 1990

189

80

Harike Wetland

Punjab

March 1990

41

81

Loktak Lake

Manipur

March 1990

266

82

Sambhar Lake

Rajasthan

March 1990

240

83

Chilika Lake

Odisha

October 1981

1165

84

Keoladeo National Park

Rajasthan

October 1981

28.73

85

Nagi Bird Sanctuary

Bihar

June 2024

2.1

86

Nakti Bird Sanctuary

Bihar

June 2024

3.326

87

Nanjarayan Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

August 2024

1.25

88

Kazhuveli Bird Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu

August 2024

51.51

89

Tawa Reservoir

Madhya Pradesh

August 2024

200.5

Study in detail about the List of Main Wetlands of the World here!

State Wise List of Ramsar Sites in India

The below table shows the state-wise list of total Ramsar sites in India:

State Wise List of Total Ramsar Sites in India

State/UT

Number of Ramsar Sites

Uttar Pradesh

10

Punjab

6

Himachal Pradesh

3

Kerala

3

UT of J&K

5

Gujarat

4

Haryana

2

Odisha

6

Rajasthan

2

West Bengal

2

Maharashtra

3

Union Territory of Ladakh

2

Andhra Pradesh

1

Bihar

3

Assam

1

Madhya Pradesh

5

Manipur

1

Tamil Nadu

18

Tripura

1

Uttarakhand

1

Goa

1

Karnataka

1

Mizoram

1

Sikkim

1

Jharkhand

1

Total Ramsar Sites in India

89

Read more about the Biodiversity Heritage Sites in India!

Largest, Smallest & Oldest Ramsar Sites in India

India became a party to the Ramsar convention in 1982.Since then the number of Ramsar sites in India has kept on increasing. As India has 89 Ramsar sites, it is essential to know details like which Ramsar sites are largest, smallest and oldest of all. The below table gives the data about the largest, smallest and oldest Ramsar site in India:

List of Largest, Smallest and Oldest Ramsar Sites in India

Ramsar Sites in India

State

Area (in Sq. Km)

Sundarbans Wetland (Largest Ramsar Site in India)

West Bengal

4230

Renuka Wetland (Smallest Ramsar Site in India)

Himachal Pradesh

0.2

Chilka Lake (Oldest Ramsar Site in India)

Odisha

1165

Study in detail about the Important Lakes of India here!

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Indian Ramsar Sites in Montreux Record

A register called Montreux Record is maintained as a part of the Ramsar sites list. The Ramsar wetland sites where changes in ecological character have occurred or are occurring or are about to occur due to pollution, technological development, or any form of human interference are registered under the Montreux Record. There are only 2 Indian Ramsar Sites in Montreux Record; check them in the table below:

List of Indian Ramsar Sites in the Montreux Record

Name of Wetland

State/UT

Keoladeo National Park

Rajasthan

Loktak Lake

Manipur

Read more about Montreux Record!

Importance of Ramsar Sites in India

The Ramsar Convention is unique globally as its sole purpose is to protect and conserve a specific ecosystem, including plant and animal life, particularly waterfowl, that rely on wetlands. The Ramsar Convention's mission is to promote the conservation and responsible utilization of all wetlands worldwide through local, regional, and national efforts, as well as international cooperation, to achieve sustainable development.

Ramsar Sites in India serve two main goals:

  •  The preservation and sustainable use of wetlands
  •  To prevent encroachment and loss of wetlands

 It's important to note that the Ramsar Convention is not a legally binding treaty, and it is not affiliated with UN or UNESCO conventions.

Read more about the UNESCO Intangible cultural heritages India!

Important Facts About Ramsar Sites in India 

India has the highest number of Ramsar Sites in South Asia, with the number reaching 89 as of February 2025. These sites cover diverse ecosystems such as wetlands, mangroves, and high-altitude lakes, vital for biodiversity conservation. This reflects India's ongoing commitment to wetland preservation.

  • Ramsar sites are one of the World’s most important protected places.
  • There are around 2400 Ramsar sites around the World, encompassing 2.5 million square kilometers.
  • In 1974, the Cobourg Peninsula in Australia was designated as the World’s first Ramsar site.
  • With 175, the United Kingdom has the most Ramsar Sites in the World.
  • International Wetlands Day is observed on February 2 to commemorate the signing of the Ramsar Convention in 1971.
  • The Ramsar Sites Information Service can be used to research any of the Ramsar sites (RSIS)
  • As of October 2019, there are 171 contracting parties to the Ramsar Convention.
  • The Ramsar Convention works in partnership with organizations like The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is a non-profit organization (IUCN), Birdlife International,International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Wetlands International 

Study in detail about Cultural Heritage here!

Key Takeaways on Ramsar Sites in India for UPSC Aspirants

  • Ramsar Sites are areas of global importance which are water bodies that have been designated under this international treaty. The Ramsar Convention which was signed in 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, became a worldwide treaty. The main goal of this action is to save wetlands from the fate of overdevelopment by getting local and national actions, international cooperation, and sustainable use involved.
  • India's Participation: India became a signatory to the Ramsar Convention in 1982. India has 80 Ramsar Sites, highlighting its commitment to preserving biodiversity and managing water resources.
  • The Importance of Ramsar Sites in India: Their importance is of great consequence as they not only provide water security but also contribute to the agricultural and fishery industries as well as peoples' livelihoods. They regulate floods and are homes to a great many plants and animals, as well as threatened species.ś
  • Notable Ramsar Sites: Some prominent Ramsar Sites in India include the Chilika Lake in Odisha, Keoladeo National Park in Rajasthan, and Wular Lake in Jammu and Kashmir. These sites are crucial for migratory birds, biodiversity conservation, and local economies.

Download the Key Takeaways PDF for Ramsar Sites in India!

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Ramsar Sites in India UPSC FAQs

Some of the newest Ramsar sites in India are Sakkarakottai Bird Sanctuary and Therthangal Bird Sanctuary in Tamil Nadu, Khecheopalri Wetland in Sikkim, and Udhwa Lake in Jharkhand.

The Ramsar Sites in India PDF can be downloaded from the official website of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change or from Ramsar's official site.

Madhya Pradesh has 5 Ramsar sites.

India had 85 Ramsar sites as of 2024.

As of 2025, India has 89 Ramsar sites.
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