The electric field of a uniform plane electromagnetic wave in free space, along the positive x direction, is given by E̅ = 10(ay + jaz)e-j25x. The frequency and polarization of the wave respectively are 

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UPSC ESE (Prelims) Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering 19 Feb 2023 Official Paper
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  1. 1.2 GHz and right circular
  2. 1.2 GHz and left circular
  3. 4 GHz and right circular 
  4. 4 GHz and left circular

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : 1.2 GHz and left circular
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The correct option is 2

Concept:

 

8

 

⇒ since 

⇒ Circular, due to the phase difference of 90° between y and z, here phase difference between the y component and the x component is + π/2 hence the wave is left circular.

The x direction is into the plane 

to go in the direction of propogation while curling fingers in the direction of rotation in a circle, you have to use left hand.

Thus given wave is left-hand circularly polarised

\(\beta \; = \;25\; \Rightarrow \;f\; = \frac{c}{\lambda } = \frac{{c \times \beta }}{{2\pi }} = \frac{{3 \times {{10}^8} \times 25}}{{2\pi }}\)

⇒ f ≈ 1.2 × 10 Hz 

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